Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs International Energy Agency Eurostat European Environment Agency

REFERENCES 
• Eurostat, various editions. Energy Balance Sheets. Luxembourg: Eurostat. 
• FAO, 1988. Energy Conservation in Agriculture. Report and proceedings of 
Technical Consultation, Helsinki (Finland), CNRE Bulletin 23. Rome, Italy: 
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 
• FAO, 1995. Forests, Fuels and the Future — Wood Energy for Sustainable 
Development. FAO Forestry Topics, Report No. 5. Rome, Italy: Food and 
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 
• FAO, 1995. State of Food and Agriculture. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture 
Organization of the United Nations. 
• FAO, 2001. Statistiques de la FAO. Bases de Datos Estadísticos de la FAO. 
Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 

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• FAO and African Development Bank, 1995. Future Energy Requirements for 
Africa’s Agriculture. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the 
United Nations. 
• FAOSTAT, 2001. CD-ROM. FAO Statistical Databases. Bases de Données. 
Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 
• IEA, various editions. Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries. Paris, 
France: International Energy Agency. 
• IEA, various editions. Energy Balances of OECD Countries. Paris, France: 
International Energy Agency. 
• WEC, 1993–1998. World Energy Council Developing Country Committee 
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• World Bank, various editions. World Development Indicators. Published 
annually. Washington DC, USA: World Bank. 
ECO8: Service/commercial energy intensities 
Brief Definition 
Final energy use per unit of service and commercial 
value added or per floor area 
Units 
Tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) for final energy and 
kilowatt-hours (kWh) for electricity per US dollar 
(value added), in constant US dollars (purchasing 
power parity [PPP]) or per square metre of floor 
area