WORK PROCEDURE
Several blast furnaces operate simultaneously in metallurgical plants. On
average, 2035 kg of iron ore, 146 kg of manganese ore, 971 kg of coke ore, 598 kg
of limestone are loaded into the furnace and 3575 kg of air is blown into the furnace
to produce 1 ton of pig iron. 755 kg of slag, 5217 kg of blast furnace gas and 348 kg
of kolosnik dust are separated.
1 – Laboratory work
Report
Topic: Study of cast iron production technology .
1. Purpose of work.
2. Necessary equipment and measuring instruments.
3 . Summary of the work done.
Control questions
1. Tell the main differences betwwen cast iron and steel .
2. Do you know what types of furnaces are used in the production of cast iron?
3. What types of cast iron do you know?
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Laboratory work -2
Topic: Study of steelmaking technology.
Purpose of work:
Study of steel production methods and production technology
Necessary tools and materials:
Worked material:
steel, cast iron, aluminum.
Theoretical information
Steel is an alloy of up to 2.14% carbon with iron and contains small amounts
of Mn, Si, R, S. compared to steel cast iron, it is possible to make plastic, pressure-
rolled products, casting and welding parts and products. Currently, there are the
following methods of obtaining steel:
1. Obtaining steel in an oxygen converter.
The converter is a pear-shaped
vessel (Fig. 1) with a sheet steel exterior and an interior wall made of bricks made
of bronze, magnesite, and dolomite. The converter is mounted on a solid frame with
a stand so that it can rotate for rotations. The volume is 70/350 tons. 25-30% of steel
scrap and waste are first put into the ready-made converter. Then 70% of the total
metal part, liquid, /1400
0
C/ cast iron is placed. Cast iron composition S-3.8%-4%,
Si-2.0-2.5%, Mn-0.5-1.5%, R-0.15-0.3%, S-0 .02-0.06%. The converter is made
vertical, and a pressure of 10-15 atm is introduced into it.
99.5-99.7% oxygen is sent
at a pressure of 1-16 M'a .
2-5 m
3
min of oxygen is used to obtain 1 ton of steel.
During this period, slag-producing lime, field shale, and iron ore are added.
Oxygen pumps are cooled with water. S, Si, Mn, S contained in solid materials
are oxidized (burned) and the temperature rises (1700
0
).
during steel preparation, its composition is controlled. When the steel
composition is precisely defined, first the steel and then the slag are poured from the
converter. The yield of steel from cast iron is 90-93%. Carbon, alloyed structural
and tool steels are obtained in the oxygen converter.
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Figure 1. Scheme of the structure of the oxygen converter.
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