136
3. Hexagonal lattice.
There are 17 atoms in such a crystal lattice, 12 of which
are located at the corners of the six-sided prism, 2 are located in the center of the
upper and lower sides of the prism, and 3 are located in the middle of the prism.
Such a crystal lattice is typical for Zn, Mg, Co, Ti, Ve and other metals (Fig. 1, c).
Figure 1. Some types of cells of elements of crystal lattices of metals:
a-size
centered cubic lattice cell; b- a cubic lattice cell with centered edges; v-
hexagonal lattice cell.
Crystal
lattices of some metals, for example: Fe, Sn Mg, Co, Ti and other
metals, change from one type to another when external conditions (temperature,
pressure) change. This phenomenon is called
allotroic
change or
polymorphism
.
Allotroic forms of metals are denoted by Greek letters
a , b , g
. Allotroic form
changes that exist at the lowest temperature of metals
a
with, changes that will be
available above
b
is indicated by and hokozo.
All metals become liquid when heated at a certain temperature. For example,
when pure iron is heated, it turns into a liquid state at 1539
0 C.
It changes from a
liquid state to a solid state when it is slowly cooled to room temperature. In the solid
state, iron has two modifications (allotroic form changes),
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