A B U N A S R F O R O B I Y
S h u l a r n i n g h a m m a s i n i ikki y o ‘l b ila n bilib olish m u m k i n :
B i r i n c h i d a n , y u q o r i d a g i h o d i s a l a r a s lid a q a n d a y m a v j u d
b o i s a , in so n q a lb ig a , k o ‘ngliga o ' s h a n d a y o ' r n a s h i b q o lsa
( b o s h q a l a r n i n g k o ' n g l i d a o ' s h a n d a y o ' r n a s h i b q o l s a ) , bu
b i l i m l a r q iy o s y o x u d t a q lid a s o s id a v u ju d g a k e la d i. B a ’zi
o d a m l a r o 's h a n a rs a la rn i o 'z la r i his etishi tufayli k o 'n g illa r id a
s h u b ilim la r v u ju d g a keladi.
F o z illa r s h a h r id a g i d o n i s h m a n d l a r b u n a rs a la rn i isb o tlash
y o'li bilan yoki dil sezgisi bilan bilib oladilar. D o n i s h m a n d l a r g a
i s h o n i b , ixlos q o ' y i b , u la r g a e r g a s h u v c h i o d a m l a r o ' s h a
n a r s a la r n i d o n i s h m a n d l a r b ilg a n d a y bilib o la d ila r. B a ’z ilar
esa b u n a r s a la r n i b o s h q a l a r n i n g t a s a w u r l a r i c h a
ta q lib o rq a li
biladilar. B u n d a y o d a m l a r ta b ia ta n yoki o d a tla rig a k o 'r a ru h iy
b ilim la r n i aslida q a n d a y m a v ju d b o 'l s a , s h u n d a y t u s h u n i s h
q o b iliy a tig a e g a e m a s d i r . M a n a s h u ikki xil ta s a v v u rla r h a m
b ilim m a n b a i d i r , a m m o d o n i s h m a n d l a r n i n g b ilim la ri, a lb a tta
e n g y a x s h i b i l i m l a r d i r . N a r s a h o d i s a l a r n i b i r o v l a r n i n g
t a s a w u r l a r i o rq a li t a q l i d a n b ilu v c h i o d a m l a r h a m tu r lic h a
d ara ja d a biladilar.
S h u l a r d a n b a ’z ila r in in g n a r s a , h o d is a
h a q id a g i bilim lari
o 's h a narsa yoki h o d is a n in g o 'z ig a o 'x s h a s h yoki y a q in b o 'la d i.
B o s h q a b a ’z ila r n in g b ilim la ri o ' s h a n a r s a - h o d i s a d a n u z o q r o q
b o 'la d i. Y a n a b a ’zilarning bilim lari o 's h a n a rs a - h o d is a d a n y ana
u z o q r o q , b a ’z ila r n ik i o ' s h a n a r s a d a n (y o k i h o d i s a y o x u d
s ifa tid a n ) j u d a u z o q , y a n a b a 'z i l a r n i n g b ilim i n a r s a - h o d i s a
(y o s ifa t)d a n b e n i h o y a u z o q b o 'l a d i .
H a r b ir x a lq n in g , yoki h a r b ir s h a h a r a h o lis in in g n a r s a -
h o d is a la r g a d o i r t a s a w u r l a r i o 'z l a r i g a t a n is h t a s a w u r l a r d i r .
A y r im x a l q l a r n i n g m u a y y a n h i l q a t h a q id a g i e n g m a s h h u r
( k e n g t a r q a lg a n ) t a s a v v u rla rid a h a m o z m i - k o ' p m i ta fo v u t,
f a r q l a r b o r . C h u n k i , h a r b ir xalq o 's h a n a rs a , h o d is a n i o 'z i c h a
a n g la b , o 'z i c h a ak s e ttira d i. S h u tufayli fazilatli s h a h a r l a r n i n g
turli xaiqlari y a g o n a ( h a q - t a o l o ) g a
ish o n ib , y a g o n a sa o d a tg a va
y a g o n a m a q s a d g a ( m a s a l a n , o x i r a t d a j a n n a t g a m u n o s i b
b o ' l i s h g a ) i n t i l s a l a r d a , u l a r n i n g d i n l a r i t u r l i c h a b o ' l i s h i
m u m k in .
M a n a sh u (turli x a lq la r u c h u n u m u m i y ) h ilq a tla r tegishli
d a lilla r b ila n bilib o l i n g a c h , b u h ilq a tla r h a q i d a h e c h q a n d a y
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