G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

to make out  tushun-
moq
I can’t make out the
meaning of this word.
Men bu so‘zning ma’-
nosini tushuna olmayap-
man.
to pass out (hand
out) tarqatmoq
The political candidate
passed out campaign lit-
erature to her cowor kers.
Siyosiy nomzod say-
lov kompaniyasi kitob-
chalarini o‘zining targ‘i-
botchilariga tarqatdi.
to pass out hushidan
ketmoq
The intense heat in the
garden caused Maria to 
pass out.
Bog‘dagi kuchli issiq
Marianing hushidan ke-
tishiga sabab bo‘ldi.
to point out ko‘rsatib
o‘tmoq
We pointed out in our
letter that the time of de-
livery of the goods has
expired.
Biz xatimizda mol (to-
var) larni yetkazib ber-
ish vaqti o‘tgan
ligini
ko‘rsatib o‘tdik.
to set out jo‘namoq,
yo‘lga tushmoq
They set out early in the
morning.
Ular ertalab vaqtli yo‘lga
tushishdi.
to try out sinab
ko‘rmoq
General Mills asked us to 
try out their new prod-
uct.
General Millz bizdan
o‘zlarining yangi mahsu-
lotlarini sinab ko‘rishni
so‘radi.
to watch out for ehti-
yot bo‘lmoq
While driving through
that development, we
had to watch out for the
little children pla ying in
the street.
Yangi qurilish bo‘y
lab
mashina haydab bo-
rar ekanmiz, ko‘
chada
o‘ynab yurgan kichki-
na bolalardan ehtiyot
bo‘lishimizga to‘g‘ri
keldi.
to work out  ishlab
chiqmoq
They worked out a new
plan.
Ular yangi reja ishlab
chiqdilar.
www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi

---

---

232
5. out of bilan kelgan iboralar:

out of danger havfsiz, havfdan xoli
out of pity (envy) rahmi (havasi)
kelganidan
out of date eski
out of doors tashqarida
out of order buzuq
out of necessity zarur bo‘lganda
out of use foydalanilmaydigan
out of work ishsiz
out of town shaharda bo‘lmaslik,
safarda bo‘lmoq
out of the question imkoni yo‘q
Mr. Adams cannot see you this week
because he is out of town.
Bu hafta Mr. Adams sizni qabul
qila olmaydi chunki u safarda.
Your request for an extension of
credit is out of the question.
Sizning kreditni cho‘zish haqidagi
iltimosingizni (qondirishning) im-
koni yo‘q.
OUT OF VA FROM PREDLOGLARINI TAQQOSLASH
Out of ichkaridan ma’nosida ishlatiladi, from esa -dan ma’nosida
ishlatiladi. Ikkalasi ham qayerdan? so‘rog‘iga javob bo‘ladi.
He came out of the house.
U uydan chiqdi.
He came from London.
U Londondan keldi.
OUTSIDE
1. tashqarida, tashqariga, tashqarisiga, tashqarisida (antonimi inside):
He was standing outside the door.
U eshikning tashqarisida turgan edi.
He went outside the house to meet
his friend.
U do‘stini kutib olgani uyning
tashqarisiga chiqdi.
2. tashqariga, tashqarida (ravish bo‘lib keladi):
Put these fl owers outside.
Bu gullarni tashqariga qo‘ying.
He is waiting for us outside.
U bizni tashqarida kutayapti.
OVER
1. ustida, uzra (antonimi under):
An aeroplane fl ew over the town.
Shahar ustida bir samolyot uchib
o‘tdi.
A lamp was hanging over the table.
Stol ustida bir chiroq osilib turar edi.
www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi

---

---

233
2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi under):

There were over a hundred
people at the meeting.
Yig‘lishda yuzdan ziyod kishi bor
edi.
The engine weighs over a ton.
Motor bir tonnadan oshiq keladi.
3. ustidan, -dan (oshib):
Chkalov was the fi rst pilot
to fl y over the North Pole.
Chkalov shimoliy qutb ustidan uchib
o‘tgan birinchi uchuvchidir.
The boy climbed over the
wall of the garden.
Bola bog‘ devoridan oshib o‘tdi.
4. Ravish bo‘lib keladi va biror narsa yoki masofa ustidan oshib
harakat qilishni bildiradi. Masalan: to climb over tirmashib oshib o‘tmoq,
to fl y over uchib o‘tmoq, to go over -dan o‘tmoq, to throw over oshirib 
o‘tmoq.
Though the barrier was high, he
jumped over without diffi culty.
To‘siq baland bo‘lsa ham u qiynal-
masdan sakrab o‘tdi.
Throw the ball over, please.
Iltimos, to‘pni oshirib oting.
5. over bilan kelgan birikmalar:
to go over tomoniga
o‘tmoq
Many tolibs went over
to the side of govern-
ment troops.
Ko‘p toliblar hukumat
qo‘shinlari tara fi ga o‘tdi.
to take over for -ni
o‘rnida bo‘lmoq, -ni
almashtirmoq
Marie had a class this
afternoon, so Janet took 
over for her.
Bugun tushdan keyin
Merining darsi bor edi,
shuning uchun ham uni
Janet almashtirdi.
to run over (mashi-
na) bosib ketmoq
He was run over by a
car.
Uni mashina bosib ket-
di.
to talk over
muhokama qilmoq
We must talk the matter
over
Biz masalani muhoka ma
qilishimiz kerak.
to think over  o‘ylab
ko‘rmoq
I’ll think it over.
Men buni o‘ylab ko‘-
raman.
6. over bilan kelgan iboralar:
over and over (again)
qayta-qayta, ko‘p marta
all over the world (country, town) 
butun dunyo (mamlakat, shahar)
bo‘ylab
the meeting (concert, 
lesson) is over
yig‘ilish (konsert, dars) tugadi
www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi

---

---

234
PAST

1. yonidan (by bilan birga predlog va ravish bo‘lib keladi):
He walked past the house.
U uy oldidan (yonidan) o‘tdi.
He drove (went, ran) 
past without looking at me.
U menga qaramasdan yonimdan
mashina haydab (piyoda, yugurib)
o‘tdi.
2. o‘tdi (vaqtni aytishda ishlatiladi):
It is half past three.
Uch yarim bo‘ldi (Uchdan yarim
soat o‘tdi.)
ROUND, AROUND
1. atrofi da, aylana (round aroundga qaraganda ko‘proq ishlatiladi. Berk
doira bo‘yicha to‘liq aylanma harakatni ifodalamoqchi bo‘lgani mizda faqat
round ishlatiladi.)
He traveled round the world.
U dunyo bo‘ylab sayohat qildi.
The earth moves round the sun.
Yer Quyosh atrofi da aylanadi.
There are many fl owers
round (around) the house.
Uy atrofi da ko‘p gullar bor.
2. atrofga, atrofda, aylanib (ravish bo‘lib keladi):
The door is locked, you
will have to go round.
Eshik qulf, aylanib o‘tishingizga
to‘g‘ri keladi.
He looked round (around).
U atrofga qaradi.
3. round va around bilan kelgan iboralar:
round the corner muyulishda,
burchakda
all around hamma yerda
to travel around the country mam-
lakat bo‘ylab sayohat qilmoq
all the year round butun
yil bo‘yi
SINCE
1. -dan buyon (vaqtga nisbatan ishlatilib, vaqtning boshlanish nuqtasini
bildiradi). Since kelgan gapning kesimi Present Perfect yoki Present Perfect 
Continuous zamonlaridan birida bo‘ladi:
He has been living in Tashkent
since last year.
U o‘tgan yildan buyon Toshkentda
yashaydi.
I have not seen him since 
Monday.
Men uni dushanba kunidan buyon
ko‘rganim yo‘q.
www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi

---

---

235
2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’noda since ravish bo‘lib keladi.

He left Samarkand last year
and I have not seen him since. 
U o‘tgan yili Samarqanddan ket gan
edi va men uni o‘shandan buyon
ko‘rganim yo‘q.
Izoh. since bog‘lovchi bo‘lib quyidagi vazifalarda ham kelishi mumkin:
a) -dan buyon: I have not seen him since he returned to Toshkent. Men uni Toshkent ga
qaytib kelganidan buyon ko‘rganim yo‘q;
b) sababli, tufayli, uchun: Since you are ill, I’ll do the work for you. Siz kasal bo‘lgan-
ligingiz sabobli men bu ishni siz uchun bajaraman.
3. Since va from predloglarini taqqoslash.
Since ham, from ham -dan degan ma’noda biror ish-harakatning bosh-
lanish nuqtasini ko‘rsatadi. Since o‘tgan zamonda boshlanib, hozir ga qadar
davom etayotgan ish-harakatning boshlanish vaqtini bildirsa, from hozir
davom etmayotgan ish-harakatlarni ifodalaydi:
I have been working