rund o‘rnida Active Gerund ishlatiladi.
2. Quyidagi fe’llardan keyin gerund ham, infi nitiv ham ishlatilishi
mumkin:
to begin, to start boshlamoq
to prefer afzal bilmoq
to continue davom ettirmoq
to hate yoqtirmaslik
to like yoqtirmoq
to intend qasd qilmoq
to dislike yoqtirmaslik
I can (can’t) afford qila olmayman
I like bathing (= to bathe) in a river
bet ter than in the sea.
Men dengizda cho‘milishdan ko‘ ra
daryoda cho‘milishni yaxshi ko‘-
raman.
We began talking (=to talk) about
the position of the rubber market.
Biz rezina bozoridagi ahvol haqida
suhbatlasha boshladik.
It continued raining (=to rain).
Yomg‘ir yog‘ishni davom ettirdi.
We do not intend placing (=to
place) orders for such machines.
Biz bunday mashinalarga buyurt ma
bermoqchi emasmiz.
3. to mention eslatmoq, to remember eslamoq, to mind e’tiroz bildirmoq
fe’llari bilan gerund vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:
He mentioned having read it in the
paper.
U buni gazetada o‘qiganini eslatdi.
I remember having seen him be-
fore.
Men uni ilgari ko‘rganimni eslay-
man.
I don’t mind walking.
Men piyoda yurishimizga e’tiroz
bildirmayman.
Quyidagi fe’llardan keyin Gerund ishlatiladi:
admit bo‘yniga olmoq
advise maslahat bermoq
anticipate bashorat qilmoq
appreciate baholamoq
avoid qochmoq
complete tugatmoq
consider hisobga olmoq
delay kechiktirmoq
miss sog‘inmoq
postpone kechiktirmoq
practice mashq qilmoq
quit tark etmoq
recall eslamoq
recollect eslamoq
recommend tavsiya qilmoq
regret afsuslanmoq
57
deny inkor etmoq
discuss muhokama qilmoq
dislike xush ko‘rmaslik
enjoy yoqtirmoq
fi nish tugatmoq
forget unutmoq
can’t help –masdan turolmaslik
keep saqlamoq, davom ettirmoq
mention eslatmoq
mind e’tiroz bildirmoq
remember eslamoq
report xabar qilmoq
resent achchig‘lanmoq
resist qarshilik qilmoq
resume davom ettirmoq
risk tavakkal qilmoq
stop to‘xtatmoq,
suggest taklif qilmoq
tolerate chidamoq
understand tushunmoq
He admitted stealing the money.
U pulning o‘g‘irlanganini tan
oldi.
She advised waiting until tomor-
row.
U ertagacha kutishni maslahat
berdi.
I anticipate having a good time on
vacation.
Men ta’tilda vaqtni yaxshi o‘tka-
zishimga umid qilaman.
He avoided answering my ques-
tion.
U mening savolimga javob be-
rishdan o‘zini olib qochdi.
I fi nally completed writing my
term paper.
Men nihoyat choraklik ma‘ru -
zamni yozib tugatdim.
I will consider going with you.
Men siz bilan ketishni muhoka-
ma qilaman (o‘ylab ko‘raman).
He delayed leaving for school.
U maktabga jo‘nashni kechik -
tirdi.
She denied committing the crime.
U jinoyatni qilganini inkor etdi.
They discussed opening a new
business.
Ular yangi ish boshlashni muho-
kama qilishdi.
I dislike driving long distances.
Men mashinada uzoq yurishni
yoq tirmayman.
We enjoyed visiting them.
Ularnikida biz vaqtni yaxshi o‘t-
kazdik.
She fi nished studying about ten.
U soat o‘nlarda shug‘ullanishni
tugatdi.
I’ ll never foget visiting Shohi Zin-
da.
Men Shohi Zindani ziyorat
qilganimizni hech qachon
unut mayman.
I can’t help worrying about it.
Men bu haqda tashvishlanmas-
dan turaolmayman.
58
I keep hoping he will come.
Men u keladi deb umid qilish-
ni davom ettiraman.
She mentioned going to a movie.
U kinoga borishni eslatdi.
Would you mind helping me with
this?
Siz buni qilishga menga yordam
bera olasizmi?
I miss being with my family.
Men oilam bilan bo‘lishni
sog‘ina man.
Let’s postpone leaving until to-
morrow.
Keling jo‘nashni ertagacha
kechik tiramiz.
The athlete practiced throwing the
ball.
Sportchi to‘pni tashlashni mashq
qildi.
He quit trying to solve the prob-
lem.
U masalani yechishga urinishni
bas qildi.
I don’t recall meeting him before.
Men uni ilgari uchratganimni es-
lamayman.
I don’t recollect meeting him be-
fore.
Men uni ilgari uchratganimni es-
lamayman.
She recommended seeing the
show.
U tomoshani ko‘rishni tavsiya
qildi.
I regret telling him my secret.
Men unga sirimni aytganimdan
afsuslanaman.
I can’t remember meeting him
when I was a child.
Men bolaligimda uni uchratga-
nimni eslay olmayman.
I resent her interfering in my busi-
ness.
Uning ishimga aralashishi men-
ing jahlimni chiqaradi.
I couldn’t resist eating dessert.
Men shirinlikni yemasdan turol-
mayman.
She risks losing all of her money.
U hamma pullarini yo‘qotish bi-
lan tavakkal qiladi. (yo‘qotishi
mumkin).
She suggested going to a movie.
U kinoga borishni taklif qildi.
I don’t understand his leaving
school.
Men uning maktabni tashlashini
tu shunmayman.
4. Gerund ega vazifasida keladi:
Skating is pleasant.
Yaxmalak uchish yoqimli.
Ega bo‘lib kelgan gerund kesimdan keyin ham kelishi mumkin.
Ushbu holda kesimdan oldin tarjima qilinmaydigan it olmoshi keladi.
Gerundning bunday ishlatilishi odatda quyidagi iboralardan keyin
uchraydi:
59
It is of no use
It is useless
}
It is no good
…foydasiz.
It is worth while
… arziydi.
It is no use talking about it.
It isn’t worth while going there.
Is it any good doing it?
Bu haqda gapirishning foydasi yo‘q.
U yerga borishning foydasi yo‘q.
Buni qilishga arziydimi?
Gerund bilan bir qatorda ega vazifasida infi nitiv ham kelishi mum-
kin:
Skating is pleasant.
= To skate is pleasant.
It’s no use talking about it.
= It is no use to talk about it.
It isn’t worth while going there.
= It isn’t worth while to go there.
5. Gerund ot-kesim tarkibida keladi:
Her greatest pleasure was
travelling.
Uning eng yoqtirgan narsasi sayohat
qilish edi.
Ot-kesim tarkibida gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv ham ishlatili shi
mumkin:
Her greatest pleasure was to travel.
OLDIDAN OT YOKI OLMOSH KELGAN GERUND
1. Gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat gapning egasiga yoki to‘ldiruvchi-
ga qarashli bo‘lishi mumkin:
They began speaking( speaking
ifodalagan ish-harakati they egaga
tegishli).
Ular gaplasha boshladilar.
I am obliged to you for helping me
( helping ifodalagan ish-harakati
you to‘ldiruvchiga tegishli).
Yordam berganingiz uchun men
sizdan minnatdorman.
2. Gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat ega yoki to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lmagan
shaxs yoki buyumga ham tegishli bo‘lishi mumkin. Bu holda o‘sha
shaxs yoki buyum qaratqich kelishigidagi ot yoki egalik olmoshi bilan
ifodalanadi:
The agent informed the fi rm of the
buyer’s having insured the cargo.
Agent fi
rmaga xaridor mollarni
sug‘urta qilganligini xabar qildi.
We insisted on their delivering the
goods immediately.
Biz ulardan mollarni zudlik bi-
lan yetkazib berishlarini talab
qildik.
60
3. Agar gerund qarashli bo‘lgan ot jonsiz bo‘lsa, u ot bosh kelishikda
ishlatiladi, chunki jonsiz otlar qaratqich kelishigida ishlatilmaydi:
We insisted on the contract being
signed immediately.
Biz shartnomaning zudlik bilan im-
zolanishini talab qildik.
He objected to the ships leaving the
port in such stormy weather.
U kemalarning bunday bo‘ronli
havoda portni tark etishiga e’tiroz
bildirdi.
4. Bosh kelishikdagi jonsiz otlar o‘rnida birlikda its, ko‘plikda their
egalik olmoshlari ishlatiladi:
We insisted on its (the contract) being signed immediately.
He objected to their (the ships) leaving the port in such stormy
weather.
5. Hozirgi zamon ingliz tilida jonli otlar ham ko‘pincha qaratqich
kelishikda emas, bosh kelishikda, egalik olmoshlari ( my, his, your va h.k.)
o‘rnida, kishilik olmoshlarining obyekt kelishikdagi shakli ( me, him, you va
h.k.) ishlatiladi:
We objected to the buyer ( the buy-
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