Haiguslugu gastroenteroloogias 4

9. Etiology and Pathogenesis

Two aspects: 1) etiology and pathogenesis of the clinical diagnosis (based on literature) and 2) known or possible etiology and pathogenesis based on the particular patient´s disease since the onset of symptoms. It is also important to describe the pathogenesis of complications (granted, there were any).

10. Treatment

Three aspects: 1) based on literature, provide with explanations all treatment options for the clinical diagnosis and its complications, definitely describe (based on the nature of the disease) treatment goals and, if possible, the criteria for responding/not responding to treatment (if stated), 2) explain how the particular patient should have been treated based on his/her person and disease (incl. specific characteristics of the disease, existence of complications etc.) and 3) treatment the patient actually got. Separately name the used drugs with their description, mechanism of action, dose; effectiveness of treatment on this particular patient (if possible, by disease-based criteria). Explain why it was decided to opt for this specific treatment (if there were alternatives). If the particular clinical practice somehow differs from recognized guidelines, the student should provide an explanation for it (e. g patient refusal, possible contraindications, unavailability of procedure, high cost, technical or organizational difficulties etc.). The student should discuss how this deviation might have affected the patient. It is important to mention aftercare (home treatment plan, follow-ups). Regarding diagnoses regulated by guidelines or recommendations, the student must explain which specialist, how often and how long should monitor the patient afterwards. It should also be mentioned how often and which type of examinations should be carried out.

11. Prognosis

Two aspects: 1) prognosis for clinical diagnosis in all its aspects (regarding recovery, healing, performance at work, life etc.) and clinical course (good, bad, pessimal, hopeless) in theory; the student should name clinical markers which establish said prognosis, if they are known about the disease, and 2) probable prognosis for this particular patient regarding all of the aforementioned aspects with explanations.