5 |
P a g e
UNIT 2
READING COMPREHENSION 1
Reading text
1
For anyone who has seen
Pirates of the Caribbean or read Robert Louis
Stevenson’s
Treasure Island, the
lure of
lost treasure ships laden with gold, silver,
precious jewels, and priceless antiquities
will take them back to the colonial period of
the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, when Spanish
and Portuguese explorers
conquered the Americas and sailed back to Europe with their bounty. If it’s
big treasure
you’re after, however, you might turn your attention to
the lost treasure ships of the
twentieth century. Between the two world wars, luxury liners, armored warships,
merchant
vessels,
and freighters carried more than 700
tons of gold from war-torn
Europe to safe havens in North America. Many, like the RMS Titanic,
RMS
Lusitania, and
HMS Edinburgh, met with enemy attack or natural catastrophe and
sank to the bottom of the sea. To this day, few treasure ships have ever been recovered.
2
Of the estimated three million shipwrecks scattered over the ocean floor, only
the most commercially attractive ones have captured the attention of treasure hunters
and salvors.
The most legendary is the
RMS Titanic. On April 14, 1915, the 882-foot,
46,392-ton luxury liner
collided with an iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage from
Southampton, England, to New York City. Of the 2,223 people on board, 1,517 died in
the tragedy.
Lost but not forgotten, the
Titanic and its treasures began to attract
potential salvors in the 1960s, but it was not until the 1980s that Texas millionaire Jack
Grimm undertook three separate expeditions, only to find no trace of the ship’s
remains.
3
On September 1, 1985, a French-American project located the
Titanic, and in
1987, with
the use of the submersible Nautile, salvors recovered an abundance of
artifacts. A total of 5,500 objects were brought up from the
wreck, including personal
belongings of the passengers and crew, memorabilia, collectibles,
porcelain, furniture,
fixtures, ship parts, and
miscellaneous articles of more value to historians,
archaeologists, and museum visitors than to fortune seekers.
Titanic: The Artifact