Ivyokorwa Nyamukuru mu Ngaburo, mw’Isuku, no mu Mwitwarariko mu Gihe c’Imbanyi Integuro y’Ivyigwa Agatabo ka 2 muri 5

4. Gutohoza

Soma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 4 rw’igitabo mfashanyigisho.

Baza ikibazo ca mbere kugira ngo musubiremwo iyo nkuru.

Baza ikibazo kigira kabiri kugira ngo umenye ico abo bagore bizera ku kuja kwa muganga mu ntumbero yo kwikingira ibigeramira ubuzima.

Ubaze ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo urabe ko abo bagore bagiye kwa muganga gupimisha iyo mbanyi bibungenze.

• 
  Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Iyi paje ni iy’ikiyago, si iy’inyigisho.
  

• 
  Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho, uvuge uti “Ku rupapuro rukurikira, turaza kwumva ingene Karorero yishuye Barumwete. Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’ubutumwa buri kuri izi mpapuro zikurikira
  

Mbega Karorero agiye hehe? Kubera iki? Ni izihe mvo zotuma umuvyeyi aja kwa muganga kandi atagwaye? Mbega waramaze kuja kwa muganga gupimisha iyi mbanyi ufise? Kuki ego canke kuki oya?

Umwitwarariko w’Imbere yo Kwibaruka mu Gihe c’Imbanyi (Isanamu 1.2) – iminota 5

5. Kwerekana:

• 
  Saba abarezi b’abana batondagure ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku rupapuro rw’7.
  

Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

6. Gusigura:

• 
  Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 6 na 7 z’Agatabo k’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.
  
• 
  Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.
  

Ni waba wiyumvira ko woba wibungenze, ni uje kwa Muganga. Bishitse ukumva hari ivyinyagaza mu nda yawe, ja kwa Muganga. Bishitse ntuje mu mihango y’ukwezi, ja kwa Muganga. Genda ubobane n’umukozi wo kwa Muganga naho woba wumva ko utagwaye. Abo bakozi bo kwa muganga baratanga amavitamine afasha kugira ngo umuvyeyi n’ikibondo bashishikare kugira amagara meza mu gihe c’imbanyi. Ja kubonana n’abaganga n’iburiburi gatatu mu gihe c’imbanyi. Umuganga amaze kwemeza ko wibungenze, azoca akumenyesha igihe wogarukirako. Mu bisanzwe, abagore baja gupimisha imbanyi kwa muganga rimwe buri mezi atatu. Bishitse umuganga akabona ingorane, azoca akubwira kuza urasubirayo kenshi. Abaganga bazosuzuma umuvyeyi maze bamushikirize impanuro zizotuma yibaruka neza.

Ubufasha Butangwa kwa Muganga (Isanamu 1.3) – iminota 5

7. Kwerekana:

• 
  Saba abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku rupapuro rw’9
  

Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

8. Gusigura:

• 
  Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 8 na 9 z’Igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.
  
• 
  Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.
  

Umuganga arapima ubunini bw’inda kugira ngo atore ingene umwana angana. Asanze umwana ari muto cane, aca ashikiriza impanuro zofasha uwo mwana gukura. Umuganga agatanga kandi za vitamine n’incanco. Izo ncanco zirafasha mu kwirinda tetanus (Rudadaza) ku mwana no ku muvyeyi. Vitamine zifasha umuvyeyi n’ikibondo gushishikara kugira amagara meza no gukomera. Umuganga aravura n’ingwara zari gushobora kugirira nabi umuvyeyi n’ikibondo. Akaraba kw’imerero ry’ingohe ngo arabe ko amaraso yoba adakwiye (gukama amaraso). Akaraba ko intoke canke mu maso hoba havyimvye biturutse ku ngwara yo kuvyimba (toxemia). Akavoma ishantiyo y’amaraso kugira ngo agenzure arabe ko umuvyeyi atagwaye ingwara zandukira mu mpuzabitsina canke SIDA. Umuganga araraba kandi ko ata ngorane zoshobora gutuma kwibaruka bigorana. Iyo umwana aticaye neza mu nda birashobora gutuma amagara y’umuvyeyi ageramirwa cane mu gihe co kwibaruka. Umuganga azofasha umuryango gutegekanya kwibarukira mu bitaro canke kw’ivuriro.

Iciyumviro Congeweko co Gufasha Uwigisha

Amavitamine Ahabwa Abavyeyi Bibungenze

Amavitamine akwiye guhabwa abavyeyi bibungenze arimwo ibinini vya folate na fer. Iyo fer tuzoyivugako vyinshi mu cigwa ca 3.

Folate ifasha mu kwirinda kuvyara abana badakwije ibiro no gukinga ubumuga bw’imitsi y’ubwonko (ubumuga bw’ubwonko canke bw’uruti rw’umugongo). Iyo umugore yibungenze adafise folate ikwiye, ubwonko n’uruti rw’umugongo vy’umwana ntibishobora gukura ngo bishike ku rugero rushimishije. Ivyo kenshi bigaca vyandurukamwo ubumuga butari bumwe (paralizi) ku mwana.

Urucanco rwa Tetanusi (Rudadaza)

Iyo umuvyeyi yibungenze ahawe urucanco rwa tetanusi (rudadaza), umwana wiwe nawe aba akingiwe. Uwo muvyeyi aca arungika abasoda b’umubiri (uduhimba two kugwanya tetanusi) mu mwana baciye mu ngovyi (isaho yo kugaburira umwana).

Ibimenyetso vya Tetanusi (Rudadaza)

Ibimenyetso vya tetanusi ku mwana birimwo ubushuhe, kunanirwa kwonka, kurira adaca, guhemagurika, no kudadarara kw’umubiri.

Toxemie (Preeclampsie)

Hariho ubuvyimbe bumwe bumwe ku muntu afise imbanyi buba ari ubusanzwe na cane cane ubw’amaguru n’ingingo, yamara kuvyimba intoke no mu maso birashobora kuba ibimenyetso vya toxemie. Ibitera toxemia gushika ubu ntibiramenyekana. Ibimenyetso vyayo bikaba umurindi munini w’amaraso, kuvyimba intoke no mu maso, hamwe no gusohora uduhimba ndemamubiri (proteines) mu mukoyo iyo umuntu yibungenze.

Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka (Isanamu 1.4) – iminota 5

9. Kwerekana:

Ni musabe abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku rupapuro rwa 11

Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

10. Gusigura:

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 10 na 11 z’Agitabo k’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Igihe co kwibaruka cegereje, ni utunganye integuro yo kwibaruka. Uziganye amafaranga y’itike uzokenera mu kwiyunguruza. Usabe umuntu azogusigaranira abana mu gihe utazoba uhari. Urondere umuntu azoza arategura imfungurwa z’umuryango. Urondere umuntu azoguherekeza kugira ngo agufashe mu gihe uzoba uriko uribaruka kwa Muganga. Kandi umusabe azogume hafi yawe mu gihe co kwibaruka n’inyuma yaho. Ubike impuzu zifise isiku zawe n’iz’umwana. Utegure imfungurwa n’amazi uzokwihereza uhejeje kwibaruka. Ni kuki bihambaye ko wokwitegurira kwibaruka ubu?

11. Igikorwa: Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka – iminota 15

1. 
   Ongera mwihweze urupapuro rwa nyuma rwo mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho rw’iki cigwa co“Gutunganya Integuro yo Kwibarukira kwa Muganga.”
   

9.Ubabaze ko muri bo hoba harimwo abavyeyi bamaze kwibarukira kwa muganga. Mbega hoba hariho ibintu bari bakeneye bitaboneka muri iki Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho? Mbega hari ibikoresho vyashizwe muri iki Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho batakeneye?

10.Baza umuvyeyi wese uti, “Mbega uramaze kwegeranya ivyo uzokenera vyose mu kwibaruka?” Asangwa umuvyeyi atararonka ivyo azokenera vyose, mubaze igihe ategekanya kubigurirako. Uhimirize umuvyeyi wese kugira ngo kuva uyu musi atere intambwe yo gutangura kuza Aratunganya Integuro yo Kwibaruka.

11.Baza abagize uwo mugwi uti, “Mbega hakenewe amafaranga angahe y’itike ryo gushika kwa Muganga?”

12.Baza umuvyeyi wese uti, “Mbega wotangura kuza uraziganya amafaranga y’itike?”

13.Baza umuvyeyi wese uti, “Ni nde woshobora gusaba kuzogusigaranira abandi bana bawe igihe uzoba udahari wagiye kwibaruka?”

14.Ni muyage ku bibazo vyose boba bafise bijanye no gutunganya integuro yo kwibaruka. Uhimirize abataratangura gutunganya integuro ko botangura uyu musi.

15.Ubibutse kandi ko bihambaye ko iyo nteguro boyiyaga n’abagize umuryango bose maze bagatangura kwitegurira ivuka.

12. Gucaca – iminota 10

None ibi vyiyumviro muvyiyumvirako iki? Mbega hoba hariho ibintu vyoshobora kukubuza gukurikiza ingendo duhejeje kuyagako uyu musi?

Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande yabo. Ni bavugane nawe amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.

13. Gutomora – iminota 5

Bafashe kuronka umuti w’amadidane yabo. Ni haba hari umugore yishuye neza amakenga y’uwundi mugore, ni umushimire kandi uhimirize abandi bagore ngo bazirikane umuti yashikirije.

14. Kwimenyereza no kumenyereza ─ iminota 20

1. 
   Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.
   

16.Bwira abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu batemera mu vyo bigishijwe; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba igoye kuri bo.

17.Abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bashikiriza izo nyigisho bakwiye kugerageza gufasha abo bagore gutsinda izo ntambamyi.

18.Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa zikurikira zo mu Gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

19.Umu Promoteri akwiye kwumviriza, agakosora, kandi agafasha Abavyeyi Tubaramure vyagoye.

20.Bose bahejeje, ace yishura ibibazo abo bavyeyi boba bafise ku bijanye n’ibikoresho, canke n’icigwa c’uyu musi.

15. Kwiyemeza ─ iminota 2

? Mbega uragomba gufata ingingo ijanye n’inyigisho wumvise uyu musi? None icemezo cawe ni ikihe?

Saba umuvyeyi wese avuge mu majambo yikuriye mu kanwa icemezo gishasha agiye gufata uyu musi. Umuvyeyi wese arashobora kwihitiramwo icemezo abona ko gihambaye gusumba ibindi kuri we.

Nk’akarorero: Niyemeje kuzoyaga n’umufasha wanje ivyo gutunganya integuro yo kwibaruka. Kandi niyemeje ko nzoza ndaja gupimisha imbanyi rimwe mu mezi atatu. Niyemeje ko nzokwihutira kuja kwa Muganga ni nabona ibimenyetso binyereka ko noba nibungenze.

16. Gusuzuma ─ iminota 15

Baza abo bavyeyi umwe umwe ku vyemezo bari bafashe.

Mbega mu cigwa giherutse wari wiyemeje gukora iki? None ico wiyemeje waragishize mu ngiro?

Gute – Ni iki wakoze?

Hanyuma uce ubaza abo bagore bose umwe umwe ku ngendo bagize mu ndwi zibiri ziheze:

• 
  Mbega hari ingendo nshasha mu vy’amagara woba waragerageje gushira mu ngiro kuva igihe twaheruka guhurira mu nama?
  
• 
  Mbega uremera ko ushobora kugira ivyo wohindura vyokuzanira akarusho k’amagara meza mu buzima bwawe?
  
• 
  Mbega warayaze n’abandi bagore bo mu mugwi wawe ku vyo kugira ivyo bahindura mu rugo?
  

Icigwa ca 2: Ingaburo y’Umuvyeyi

• 
  Abavyeyi bibungenze bazokwongereza isahani canke agasahani k’imfungurwa ku vyo basanzwe bafungura buri musi kugira ngo ikibondo gikure neza mu kiringo c’imbanyi.
  

Abarezi b’abana bazoyaga ku kamaro ko kunganisha imfungurwa abagize umuryango bafungura badasize inyuma ivy’imfungurwa zokongerwa abagore iyo bibungenze.

• 
  Abagore bibungenze bazofungura ubwoko bwinshi bw’imfungurwa zifise amabara atandukanye.
  
• 
  Imisi yose, abagore bibungenze bazoza barihereza ibiribwa vyo muri buri mugwi mu migwi itatu y’imfungurwa harimwo ivyo mu mugwi w’insanganyangaburo (ivyamwa n’imboga) ivyo mu mugwi w’indemamubiri (inyama, amata, ibiharage, n’ivyema), hamwe n’ivyo mu mugwi w’intanganguvu (intete, imbumbarugo n’amavuta).⁴
  

Abagore bibungenze bazoronka akaryo ko gushikiriza ivyiyumviro ku mfungurwa nsubirizi boshobora gutegura zikaba arizo bihereza iyo ibisanzwe bifungurwa mu muryango batakibifitiye akayabagu kubera gusesemwa.^

Abagore bibungenze bazokwirinda gukoresha itabi n’inzoga mu gihe cose bazomara bibungenze kugira ngo ntibazohave bavyara umwana adakwije ibiro.

• 
  Abarezi b’abana bazokwihutira kuja kwa muganga ubwo nyene bakibona ibimenyetso bibereka ko boba bibungenze bikurikira:
  

Kuva amaraso mu gihimba c’irondoka

Kumeneka umutwe cane

Kuribwa mu nda cane

Kudahwa kudahesha

Ibikoresho:

1. 
   Ibitabo vyo Guhamagariramwo Amazina vy’Abavyeyi Tubaramure
   

Icigwa ca 2 mu ncamake:

Agakino: Ni nde Ari Umurongozi

Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane

Gushikiriza inkuru no kubaza ibibazo ku nyifato iriko irihwezwa: Imbanyi ya Barumwete Itamworoheye

Kwerekana amasanamu no gushikiriza inyigisho iri ku mpapuro za 14-19 z’iki cigwa mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho ku vyo Kwongereza Imfungurwa n’Amoko yazo, Ubwoko Butatu bw’Imfungurwa, hamwe n’Ibimenyetso vyo Kugeramirwa ku Mugore yibungenze.

Igikorwa: Gutegekanya Imfungurwa Zitera Amagara Meza

Gucaca ngo umenye intambamyi zoba ziriho

Gutomora ngo ubereke umuti woshobora gutorerwa izo ntambamyi

Kwimenyereza

Kwiyemeza

Gusuzuma ingene bagendeye mu vyo bari biyemeje no mu nyifato zijanye no Gupimisha Imbanyi no Gutunganya integuro yo Kwibaruka.

1. Agakino: Ni nde Ari Umurongozi - iminota 10

1. 
   Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bicare mu muzingi. Umwe avyigombeye ace asohoka hanze.
   
2. 
   Uwo yavyigombeye amaze gusohoka, umugwi usigaye uca witorera umurongozi. Uwo murongozi ategerezwa kuza arakora ibintu bitandukanye, nko gukoma amashi, kudida ukuguru hasi, canke gukomanya intoke zibiri zikavuga. Ico uwo murongozi akoze cose abandi bose bo muri uwo mugwi baca bacigana.
   
3. 
   Umwe yasohoka avyigombeye aragaruka maze agahagarara hagati mu muzingi. Igikorwa ciwe ni ico kugerageza kuvumbura uwo murongozi wo mw’ibanga. Uwo murongozi aza arahindura ivyo akora mw’ibanga ku buryo adafatwa. Abagize umugwi nabo bakamukingira mu kutaza baramuraba.
   
4. 
   Mw’ibanga, umurongozi w’umugwi atangura ikindi gikorwa nk’uko yari yabigize mu minota mike iheze. Abandi baza barakurikira uwo murongozi bakorana nawe ico akoze. Haciye ayandi masegonda make, yongera gutanguza ikindi gishasha. Kandi ubwo nyene abandi bakimara kubona ko yahinduye, bakwiye nabo guca basubiramwo ico uwo murongozi wabo akoze.
   
5. 
   Uwo arondera umurongozi bishitse akamutora, we aca yinjira mu muzingi, umwe yari umurongozi nawe agaca asohoka hanze kugira ngo hatorwe uwundi murongozi.
   
6. 
   Ako gakino ni mugasubiremwo incuro nyinshi.
   

? Mbega aka kagino twokigirako iki kijanye n’ubuzima?

Birashika ugasanga uwufata ingingo aranyegeje ntashoka aboneka.

Kenshi iyo tubonanye n’abagore mu ngo zabo, twama dusanga hariho abandi bo mu muryango babarongora canke babatuma gufata ingingo bafata.

Birakenewe ko dushikiriza inyigisho abagore, ariko kandi tukanabafasha gushikiriza izo nyigisho abafise ijambo mu miryango yabo.

Hinge noneho dutangure icigwa.

2. Guhamagara Amazina no Gutora Umuti w’Ingorane

1. 
   Umu Promoteri akwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’Umuvyeyi Tubaramure wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu Cigwa ca Kane c’Igitabo ca mbere (Module 1).
   

21.Umu Promoteri akabaza ko hariho Umuvyeyi Tubaramure yoba yaragize ingorane mu nama yamuhuje n’abavyeyi. Umu Promoteri akaronderera hamwe n’abo bavyeyi umuti w’izo ngorane, akabafasha gutora umuti w’ingorane bafise, kandi agasaba impanuro abandi Bavyeyi Tubaramure bari ngaho.

22.Umu Promoteri akabaza abavyeyi bapfuye, abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha muri iyo migwi y’ababanyi. Umu promoteri akandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.

23.Umu Promoteri agaheza agashimira abo bagore bose ku mwete berekana mu gikorwa kandi akabahimiriza ngo bashishikare.
Imbanyi ya Barumwete (Isanamu 2.1) – iminota 10
3. Inkuru

Soma inkuru iri ku rupapuro rwa 12 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho.

Iyo nkuru itubwira ukuntu Barumwete afise imbanyi itamworoheye. Iyo twihweje neza ku masanamu, turabona ko ingorane imwe ari uko bose badahabwa imfungurwa zingana muri urwo rugo, hari abahabwa bike abandi bagahabwa vyinshi.

Barumwete nawe aribungenze. Iyo mbanyi yaramugoye. Akora amasaha menshi mu mirima, ariko kenshi yama arushe. Nta nguvu aronka zo guheza ico aba ariko arakora. Barumwete yihereza za mfungurwa nyene yari asanzwe afungura buri musi, ariko ntiyunguka ibiro. Arazi ko n’umwana yibungenze atariko arakura neza. Arafise ubwoba ko akayoya kiwe koba kagwaye.

4. Gutohoza

Soma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 12 rw’Igitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho.

Soma ibibazo bibiri vya mbere vyofasha abavyeyi gutomboza ibibatera intege nke, no kutunguka ibiro. Barumwete arakwiye kuza araruhuka iyo yibungenze kandi akagerageza kudakora cane nk’uko yahora akora iyo atibungenze. Arakwiye kandi kurushiriza kuza arafungura ibifungurwa bitandukanye, kandi akarya kenshi gusumba.

Baza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira ngo urabe ko abavyeyi bemera ko abavyeyi bibungenze bikenewe ko buhindura ingene bari bazanzwe bafungura n’ingene bari basanzwe bakora iyo bibungenze.

• 
  Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Iyi paje ni iy’ikiyago, si iy’inyigisho.
  

• 
  Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”
  

Ni kuki imbanyi ya Barumwete yamugoye? None izo ngorane zose zanduruka ku ki? Mbega wewe warahinduye ingene usanzwe ufungura n’ingene usanzwe ukora kuva aho umariye kwibungenga? Gute?

Kugwiza Ubwinshi n’Amoko y’Imfungurwa(Isanamu 2.2)
5. Kwerekana:

Ni musabe abarezi b’abana gutondagura ivyo babona mu masanamu ari ku rupapuro rwa 15.

Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

6. Gusigura:

• 
  Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 14 na 15 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.
  
• 
  Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.
  

Buri musi ni wihereze isahani canke agasahani k’imfugurwa ziyongera ku zo wari usanzwe ufungura. Izo mfungurwa arenzako ni zo ziha inguvu umuvyeyi yibungenze. Izo mfungurwa zirenzeko ni zo zifasha umwana gukura. Asangwa usanzwe kandi wonsa uwundi mwana, buri musi ni wongerezeko amasahani abiri canke udusahani tubiri. Maze ubandanye kwonsa gushika igihe uwundi azovukira. Kuva ukimara kumenya ko wibungenze, uze urarya vyinshi gusumba ivyo wahora ufungura. Umugabo ari muri iyi sanamu agomba ko umugore wiwe yogira amagara meza, yama rero yitwararika ko iyo yibungenze, yihereza ibindi bifungurwa birenze ku vyo yahora afungura. Uze uraruhuka bikwiye iyo wibungenze. Kandi ugabanye akazi wahora ukora. Gabura akazi kawe gakorwe n’abandi bari mu muryango. Gira ibiringo vyo kuruhuka iyo uriko urakora, wicare uruhuke.

Ugire umuziro kunywa itabi canke inzoga iyo wibungenze. Itabi n’inzoga vyongereza ingorane yo kuvyara abana b’intege nke canke badakwije ibiro.