Jumaeva nasiba komil qizi lexical and semantic characteristics of hyponomic relations in words in english and

“run and stroll” in English and the words such as “yugurish va sayr qilish” can be 
added to these components. In particular, the English verbs “cut, bang, shut, 
slam,hit, slap, strike, knock whack, swat, rap, tap, pierce, and peck”, in Uzbek 
language “kesish, urish, yorish, qarsillatish, zarblash, taqillatish, tishlash” are 
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Jumabaeva J.SH. Turli tizimli tillarda leksik va stilistik graduonomiya. Toshkent. Mumtoz so’z. 2007.b.11-115. 
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Talmy L. 'Lexicalization patterns: Semantic structure in lexical forms.' In Shopen, T. (ed.), Language typology 
and syntactic description, Grammatical categories and the lexicon. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1985.
- P. 57-149. 

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used to identify the force and its degree used by a person. Some verbs such as 
“drowse, doze, sleep” in English and “mudrash, uyqusirash, uxlash” in Uzbek 
express the different degrees of action and condition.
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Also, in English language 
the verb such as “ to speak – to call, to talk, to cheer, to yell, to shout, to 
murmur, to chatter, to whisper, to babble, to blurt or to chant” and in Uzbek 
language “gapirmoq – suhbatlashmoq, baqirmoq, pichirlamoq, ming’illamoq, 
valdiramoq, g’uldiramoq, o’ylamasdan aytmoq” are used to express the degrees of 
verb conditions. 
More giving in clear details that the semantic field of a superordinate or 
hyperonym is wider than that of its hyponymy. It is considering that the interaction 
approach of hyponym and hyperonym, hyperonym is consist of hyponyms, we can 
observe that this approach is complicated in abstract verbs like “imagine, 
understand, knowledge” in English. Hyponymic relation is also observed in the 
phraselogic verb, such as the English verbs “stare, gaze, peer” are hyponyms of 
the word from verb category “look”. 
Lower-level hyponyms are regularly used to make each sentence more 
semantically and meaningfully rich and meaningful in the text. Hyponyms can 
organize as the hierarchically forms a set of synonyms and synonyms in human’s 
lexicon speech and it is considered the semantic phenomenon from to abstract to 
concrete. The example for this situation, we will try to desribe the word “ to build” 
and its hypyponymic and troponymic relationship between tha hyponyms and so 
on. In this given troponymic configuration of the word “to build” can be expressed 
its troponomic relationship in the verb. In this condition we can be seen the clearity 
of meaning which is being tranparent and clear from top general, abstract to 
bottom concrete and specific in it. This help the learners who are interested in 
English to comprehend the word with its notion clearly such as from general to 
concrete meaning. 
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Sabirova N.K. “Turli tizimli tillarda fe’llarning giponomik munosabati”. Toshkent. Mumtoz so’z. 2017. B. 111-
115. 

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To build general / abstract 
specific / concrete 
Figure 7. The troponymic configuration of the word “to build”. 
The specific and featured lexical elements such as hyponyms and its 
troponyms express more clear information. Below we will consider some examples 
of the verbs “built, created and constructed” 
Morris built the shopping mall last year. 
Morris constructed the shopping mall last year. 
Morris created the shopping mall last year. 
In these sentences, although the addition words are not used, they express 
more information. For example, the verb “constructed” means to form by 
combining materials or parts of something, the verb “created” means that to 
develop or give form to something according to a plan or process and the verb 
“built” expresses to make something by putting bricks or other building materials 
together. In the third sentence above, Morris’s intellectual actions according to 
exact plan or process in building describes the thought in his mind. In the first an 
second sentences the verbs do not display a concrete event because they convey an 
abstract meaning. 
 
In linguistics, troponomy is considered that the presence of a “manner” 
relation between two lexemes.the concept was originally offered by linguist 
Christine Fellbaum and Geogre Miller. They also gave some examples such as “to 
nibble is to eat in a certain manner, and to gorge is to eat in a different manner. 
To create 
To construct
To form 
To base 
To erect 
to form
to assemble 

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Similary, to traipse or to mince is to walk in some manner”. 
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Troponomy also is 
one of the possible linguistic relations between verbs in the semantic branch 
network of the WordNet database. 
 
Troponomy is a type of relation in which means that each V1 troponym of a 
common V2 verb represents a V2 verb. For example, in Uzbek language the verbs