Q iz la r jin siy a ’zo la rin in g sil k asa lligi Sil u m u m i y in fek sio n kasallik b o ‘lib, o d a t d a s u m n k a li
k e c h a d i.
U n i n g q o ‘z g ‘a tu v c h is i — sil ta y o q c h a s i
(bacillae Kochae)dir. U b irin c h i m a r t a
1 8 8 2 - y i l d a K o x t o m o n i d a n
a n iq la n g a n .
Jin siy a ’z o la r sil kasalligini o ‘rg a n ish XVI11 a s r d a n b o s h -
lanib, u n i d a stla b M o r g a n 14 yoshli q iz n in g jin siy a ’z o sid a n
to p g a n .
Sil ta y o q c h a s in in g o r g a n iz m g a tush ish i b a r d o i m h a m
b itta kasallik q o ‘z g ‘a ta v e rm a y d i. B u n in g u c h u n o r g a n iz m n in g
q arsh ilik k u c h i k a m a y g a n (b o s h q a kasalliklar, oilaviy sh a ro it,
o v q a tla n is h n in g buzilishi va h.k.) b o ‘lishi kcrak. Sil v ujudga
kelishiga q a r a b 2 q is m g a boNinadi:
•
b irla m c h i sil;
•
ik k ila m c h i sil.
Birlam chi sil kasalligida lim fa n g o it va u n in g atrofidagi
limfa b c z la rin in g kasallanishi n atijasid a r o ly b eradi.
Ikkilam chi sil, sil bilan o g 'r ib o ‘tg an b e m o r l a r d a vujudga
keladi.
Jin siy a ' z o l a r sili k o ‘p i n c h a g c m a to g e n ( q o n to m ir ) y o ‘li,
b a ’z a n lim fa y o ‘li o r q a li, k a m d a n k a m h o l l a r d a q o ‘s h n i
a ’z o la r d a n o ‘tcidi.
Sil u c h u n spetsifik p ro liferativ o ‘z g a ris h la r xos b o ‘lib,
b u n d a sil g ra n u le m a la r i ( d o bm b o g ‘in in g ) s h a k lla n ish i bilan
x a ra k te rla n a d i. Bu d o ‘m b o q , o d a t d a , ep itelial h u ja y ra la rd a n
( q o ‘s h i m c h a t o ‘q i m a l a r d a n v u ju d g a k elg a n p l a s t i n k a s i m o n ,
ra ngsiz b o ‘y a la d ig a n , p u f a k c h a la r g a o ‘xsh ash y a d r o li), to m ir la r
e n d o t e l i y s i n i n g r e t i k u l a r h u j a y r a l a r i d a n t a s h k i l
t o p g a n .
D o ‘m b o q c h a l a r n i n g
birinchi o ‘ziga x o s xususiyati — u n d a
k o ‘p yadroli ,,gigant“ h u ja y ra la r m av ju d .
Ikk in ch i xususiyati
— sil tu fa y li y a llig ‘la n i s h y u z b e r g a n d a , u n d a s u z m a g a
o ‘xsh ash k o z io z n e k r o z hosil boMadi.
Sil d o ‘m b o q c h a la r i tufayli b a c h a d o n b o ‘yni, q in va tashqi
jin s iy a ’z o la r d a y a r a c h a la r hosil boNadi. Q iz la r d a jin siy a 'z o l a r
sili, u la r yalligN anish kasalligi b ila n o g ‘rig a n la r id a n keyin
201
p a y d o boMadi. Q iz la r kasallik bilan 8 — 15 y o s h la r d a k o ‘p
o g ‘r i y d ila r ;
12— 16 y o s h l i q i z l a r d a b a c h a d o n n a y c h a l a r i
z a ra r la n a d i.