Maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarning rivojlanishida qum terapiyasining ahamiyati

Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:
1.”Maktabgacha pedagogika” darslik.F.Qodirova, Sh.Toshpo’latov, N.Qayumova. Tafakkur. 2019y.
2. Kopytin, A.I. Art-terapiya nazariyasi va amaliyoti / A.I. Kopytin - Sankt-Peterburg: Pyotr, 2012.
3. .Kopytin A.I., Svistovskaya E.E. Bolalar va o'smirlar bilan qo'llaniladigan art-terapiya usullari: joriy nashrlarni ko'rib chiqish. Amaliy psixologiya va psixoanaliz jurnali
4. Kiseleva M.V. Bolalar bilan ishlashda art terapiya: qo'llar. bolalar uchun psixologlar, o'qituvchilar, shifokorlar va bolalar bilan ishlaydigan mutaxassislar / M.V. Kiseleva. - Sankt-Peterburg: Nutq, 2015.

The importance of sand therapy in the development of preschool children.

Scientific leader: Khudaymurodova Dilafruz
Normo'minova Shahnoza Bazar girl
Psychology and pedagogy of preschool education
3rd year student of group 306

Abstract: The role of sand therapy is very important in the mental education of children and the development of all areas of a child's life. This article describes in detail the importance of sand therapy in the all-round development of preschool children.

Key words: Art therapy, preschool educational organizations, development, cognitive processes, psychological preparation, age periods.
Abstract: The role of sand therapy is very important in the mental education of children and the development of all areas of a child's life. This article describes in detail the importance of sand therapy in the all-round development of preschool children.
Key words: Art therapy, preschool educational organizations, development, cognitive processes, psychological preparation, age periods.
The pre-school period plays a very important role in the development of a child. The role of sand therapy, one of the areas of art therapy, is incomparable in the all-round development of a child. Sand therapy is one of the methods of psychotherapy that appeared within the framework of analytical psychology. A way to communicate with the world and yourself. Relieving internal stress increases self-confidence and opens up new avenues for development. Sand therapy allows a person to deeply understand himself, to restore mental integrity, to collect a unique image, a picture of the world. The goal of sand therapy is to help the child get rid of everything that worries and worries him. It is conducted in centers. Because children build things they like through sand therapy. It helps the psychological development of boas.
Sand therapy was first founded by Dora Kalf, who started it in the 1920s. The difference between sand therapy and other therapies is that this process is characterized by the simplicity of manipulation, the possibility of inventing new forms, and the short-term existence of created images. The ability to destroy the composition of the sand, rebuild it, as well as create new objects over and over again gives the work a certain charm. The creation of successive sand compositions reflects the cyclic nature of mental life, the dynamics of mental changes. It doesn't require any special skills. The ability to create miniature figures, natural materials, volumetric compositions gives the image additional features, reflects different levels of mental content and helps to establish access to the preverbal levels of the psyche. Visual imagery is very important when working in psychotherapy for disorders that arise from early childhood when the child is not yet able to speak.
The technique of "sand therapy" originated as part of Jung's analytical approach and is mainly based on working with the symbolic content of the unconscious as a source of inner growth and development. Around the 1940s, the "Peace Test" or "Erica Method" developed by Charlotte Bühler in Sweden, is still used as a diagnostic tool in child psychiatry in Sweden. A little later in Switzerland, Margaret Lowenfeld's "peace technique" was derived from the "peace test" in working with children. In turn, Doroy M. Kalff (Switzerland) developed a therapeutic method from the "peace technique" - first for working with children, "sandplay" (playing with sand), and in the future this method was also used for working with adults. Learn about the emotional background of sand therapy has a positive effect. Develops sensory abilities and stimulates cognitive processes. Fantasy is the mother of all possibilities, where the internal and external worlds are connected, like all opposites." The technique of active imagination developed by Jung can be considered the theoretical basis of sand therapy. Jung called the sandbox (sandbox) the childish side of the collective unconscious, a visible form of traumatic experience. Sandbox creation promotes creative regression, working in the sandbox returns to childhood and helps to activate the “child archetype.” After his experience with his “inner child,” Jung writes, “the superiority of the child is not only a thing of the distant past, rather, it is something that exists now, that is, it is not a primitive trace, but a system that works in the present. The "child" paves the way for the transformation of the personality in the future.
The author of this method, a follower of Swiss KG Jung, analyst Dora Kalff, believes that the main principle underlying her work is "creating a free and protected space" in which the client - a child or an adult - can express his world.
work and learning, their skills and experiences can be transformed by often obscure or disturbing, visible and concrete images. "A picture in the sand can be understood as a three-dimensional representation of any aspect of the mental state. The unknown problem plays out on the sand, like a drama, the conflict moves from the inner world to the outer world and becomes visible” (Dora Kalff, Sandplay, 1980).
After the death of Dora Kalff in 1990, her work received general recognition in many countries of the world. Currently, the method of playing with sand is equally used in working with children and adults. Most of the senior practitioners of sandplay are Jungian analysts, but most members of the international sandplay community of therapists are not Jungian analysts. This method has gained wide popularity and its use remains attractive and useful for many professionals. Conducting sand therapy in children prone to aggression. Providing a socially acceptable outlet for aggression and other negative emotions.
1. Facilitating the process of treatment (psychotherapy) as an auxiliary method.
2. Obtaining material for psychodiagnosis.
3. Working with suppressed thoughts and feelings.
4. Contact with the client.
5. Develop self-control.
6. Focus on feelings and emotions.
7. Developing creativity and increasing self-esteem. Sand therapy cannot be performed in children with the following diseases. cannot be used when ll is cut. The main goal of art therapy is to harmonize the state of mind through the development of self-expression and self-awareness. The importance of using sand for therapeutic purposes is that it symbolizes various emotions: love, hate, sadness, anger, fear, joy, etc. and can be used for learning.. The art therapy technique is based on the conclusion that the content of a person's inner "I" is reflected in his visual images when he paints or sculpts, thereby changing the state of the psyche. Sand therapy for children Sand therapy for children is a great way to get rid of negativity and aggression in order to gain confidence in yourself. The relevance of sand therapy is very high in modern society. Man departs from nature, forgets its natural principle. It is sand that can recall primitive feelings and sensations. Children are doubly useful when playing in a sandy area rather than adults. There, the child can develop thinking, imagination and, most importantly, a small motorcycle of the fingers.
Sand therapy in speech therapy Speech therapists often refer to the method of "playing in the sand". After all, the development of logical thinking is very useful in expressing the correct coherent words. Placing the composition in the sand, the child begins with a narrative story and tells the story with an emotional feeling. Sand therapy in kindergarten In children's institutions, the effect of sand therapy on the child's mental development begins. It is planned to introduce the study of sand therapy. Especially since there is more space for group games in the garden or school yard.
Games in the sand at home You can create a playground at home. You will need: This box is 65 cm wide, 75 cm long and 6-8 cm high. The paint is blue. A bucket of water, spray or irrigation is possible. Small toys (people, animals, cars, airplanes, helicopters, boats, flowers, trees, designer, house owners, etc.). The box of sand therapy should not have sharp and rough edges. The inner surface of the pumpkin is painted blue, it calms and communicates with water and sky. For sand treatment, the sand should be soft, warm yellow in color. But you can get black sand for reflection in the game. In general, it is better for the child to choose what he likes more. The child can wet the sand and form it from it, for this there must be a pool of water. Bare, wet colors appear on the surface of the sand. Toys for sand therapy should not exceed 8-10 cm. height. You can get both plastic and metal numbers. But it is better if you do it with your child. Sand therapy exercises and games are very exciting. There are so many opportunities for creative impulses that you can play with all day long. But first you can try the basic games: 1. "Guessing" Remove several toys from the sand and ask the child to recognize them without going out.
Ask sand therapy games 2. "Interesting stories" Take the letters of the alphabet and put words on the sand, because it's not too complicated. Read them together with the baby. Then have the child close the words and you will hide the letters in the sand and turn them into a sandbox. Let the child find all the letters and restore the words. 3 "My city" Children should describe what they see in the city, street or room. You can create a magical land and name it. It is important to mention what happened. In this case, you can name all the characters that are related to the story. Sand, water and various small figures are used for therapy. The child himself chooses what kind of sand he wants to work with: dry, wet or kinetic. The world is built of sand, featuring figurine characters. Also, the child can paint with sand, create different images on the light screen, use different colors.
References:
1. "Pedagogy before school" textbook. F. Kadirova, Sh. Toshpolatov, N. Qayumova. Thinking. 2019
2. Kopytin, A.I. Theory and practice of art therapy / A.I. Kopytin - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2012.
3. Kopytin A.I., Svistovskaya E.E. Art therapy techniques for use with children and adolescents: A review of current publications. Journal of Applied Psychology and Psychoanalysis
4. Kiseleva M.V. Art therapy in working with children: hands. psychologists for children, teachers, doctors and specialists working with children / M.V. Kiseleva. - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2015.