II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF YOUNG RESEARCHERS
102
Qafqaz University
18-19 April 2014, Baku, Azerbaijan
Seeing from key management RSA is better than AES. Because encryption key of RSA is open, and doesn’t need to agree
on a secret key before communication, just keep the decryption key secret. Since AES is a symmetric key algorithm, it
requires a secret key before communication, which can be disadvantages is some situations.
Taking advantages of the two algorithms we can introduce a new hybrid algorithm.
Process of encryption
The hybrid encryption process is as follows: Let the sender is Bob, and Sam is the receiver. e is Sam’s public key and d is
his private key, K is AES key. Sam sends his RSA public key to Bob, Bob encrypts AES key K with RSA public key, and
encrypts the message with AES, send the complex message (CM) to Sam.
It is shortly described in the figure 1.
RSA
encrypt
AES
encrypt
Figure 1.
Process of decryption
The decryption of hybrid encryption algorithm is as follows. The first, the receiver Sam divide received cipher text CM
(complex message) into two parts, one is cipher text CK from the RSA algorithm encryption, and the other is cipher text C
from the DES algorithm encryption. The second, the receiver Sam decrypt cipher text CK by their own private key d,
receive the key K which belongs AES algorithm, then decrypt the cipher text C to the original M by key K.
The advantages of hybrid encryption algorithm
• Using RSA algorithm and the AES key for data transmission, so it is no need to transfer AES key secretly before
communication;
• Management of RSA key is the same as RSA situation, only keep one decryption key secret;
• The speed of encryption and decryption is the same as AES. In other words, the time-consuming RSA just do with AES
keys;
Safety of hybrid encryption algorithm
Today RSA is considered the most successful and safe public key algorithm. Its safety has been proven theoretically and
practically. Safety of RSA is based on the difficulty large integer into prime factors. AES algorithm is considered the most
successful since it has developed. AES has 10 rounds for 128-bit keys, 12 rounds for 192-bit keys, and 14 rounds for 256-bit
keys. By 2006, the best known attacks were on 7 rounds for 128-bit keys, 8 rounds for 192-bit keys, and 9 rounds for 256-
bit keys. [2] .Since we protect the original key that encrypts the message with RSA, the file will be in safe.
Conclusions:
Security of the sending messages between governments or different organizations is the most important for them. Different
attacks can be done against the files in electronic field and the file can be seen by a non-wanted people. Dual protection of
the sending file will make it safer and easier to achieve.
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