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II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF YOUNG RESEARCHERS 

372 

 Qafqaz University                         

          18-19 April 2014, Baku, Azerbaijan 

CHARLOTTE BRONTE AND HER AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVELS 

 

Mövlanə MƏMMƏDZADƏ 

Qafqaz University 

[e-mail] 

 

An Autobiographical novel is a form of novel that merges autobiographical and fiction elements. There are many 

writers who created autobiographical novels, such as, Charles Dickens, Leo Tolstoy, George Eliot, Ernest Hemingway, Jack 

London etc. Among them we can also mention Charlotte Bronte’s name.  

Charlotte Bronte is an outstanding novelist of Victorian period whose life has received rather inapplicable and even 

untoward attention. Although she had distraught life and creativity, her works, especially “Jane Eyre” is still read and 

admired by vast amount of readers around the world. She followed no one, and many have followed her. Her work stands in 

the middle of the century, obviously transitional, distinguished as much from Thackeray and from Charles Dickens by a 

curious spirit of irregular and stunted romanticism. 

Charlotte Bronte’s creativity is coincided with a period of patriarchy. It was a period that had very strict discipline and 

the only victims of this discipline were women. They were depended on their family, social rules, so were not able to 

socialize, to get education. The women were always ruled by others, they did not have a right to make a decision on their 

own. In spite of the rigorous rules of the society she managed to create and publish her works. She was well-educated, in 

both academic subjects and in the difficulties of life. She was motherless and without any real expectation in life. Charlotte 

Bronte put into words all these hardships in her works. She believed that education was the key to all social problems, and 

by the enhancement of education system, most of the evils of capitalism could be removed.  In her autobiographic novels 

writer also mentioned the real problems that she had faced in her private life. Her novels were something more than fiction. 

They were reflections of the sad and sometimes lonely life that she had. Bronte’s the most popular and autobiographic work 

is called “Jane Eyre”. In this novel Ch. Bronte describes an educated woman who alone struggles against the society in 

order to take her own place in life. Jane Eyre was and still remains as an extraordinary phenomenon: curious, totally assured 

and overwhelming piece of realist fiction. 

Charlotte Bronte’s limitations are extraordinary. It seems as if, she could never get beyond her personal experiences. 

The exacter and less dreamy part of Jane Eyre itself is merely a half- revengist record of her sufferings as a school-girl and a 

governess. “Shirley” was Charlotte Bronte’s second published novel after “Jane Eyre”. Shirley is a portrait of her sister 

Emily and it is believed that Caroline Helstone was loosely based on Anne. It has been speculated that Bronte originally 

planned to kill off Caroline but changed her mind because of her family tragedies. Shirley is what Bronte believed her sister, 

Emily Bronte, would have been, if she had been born into a wealthy family. Ch. Bronte’s another fourth novel which is 

called “Villette” is set in the fictional city of Villette. It reproduces her stay in Brussels with the same audacious fidelity.  

The transcript of personal experience is not only a legitimate, but also an almost invariable part of the novelist’s 

resources. But the novelist cannot, like a poet, “look in his heart” and his memory and write exclusively. Every life will give 

one book if the liver knows how to write it, but few lives indeed will give more than one.