Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic of uzbekistan

1.2. LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL FEATURES OF OCCUPATIONAL TITLES
Dictionaries and reference books do not keep pace with the changing situation in the sphere of economy, culture and public consciousness. As for the classifier of professions and positions, it reacts even more passively to neologisms in the field of names of persons by profession, reflecting only established designations selected by speech practice.
A survey of students in grades 8-11 showed that many people know the professions: manager, realtor, designer, and such names of professions as promoter, copywriter, broker, merchandiser and others are not known, therefore they are of great interest.
We investigated the origin of the names of new professions, the scope of use and tried to determine the origin and meaning of some words. After reviewing the scientific literature, dictionaries, articles by such authors as Grigorenko O.V., Volodarskoy E.F., Krysina L.P., Klimova E.A., Kostomarova V.G., Rosenthal D.E. etc., we noted the following: most of the names of new professions are borrowed from English, less often from French. For example, in the article by Krysin L.P. "Lexical borrowing and tracing in the Russian language of the last decades" we noted that such professions as Animator, Auditor - from English. Auditor, manager - from English. Manager, designer - from English. Designer, interviewer - from English. interviewer, logistics - from English. Image maker from English. imagemaker In the modern world, it has become prestigious to call oneself not just a businessman, whose name is not always associated with positive associations, but to represent a specific area of one's activity (and, accordingly, influence). So, the owner of restaurants received the designation of a restaurateur. This word is borrowed from the French language, as evidenced by the same-root restaurant (French restaurant < restaurer to restore, refresh, strengthen < Latin restaurāre to restore) - a public catering establishment that serves expensive meals, snacks, drinks, and which operates mainly in the evening and night time. It was noted that the semantics of the word ‘restaurant’, in comparison with other names of public catering establishments, has a positive connotation. It is no coincidence that a specialist in the restaurant business, even if he owns small, modest establishments, tries to call himself a restaurateur. The owner of a tavern (or tavern) as a small drinking establishment will never call himself an innkeeper, which is perceived as stylistically reduced. [5, p.76].
A new profession for Russia is the chocolatier - one of the areas of work for confectioners. Although the history of chocolate begins in the 16th century, the production of chocolates appears later, under Louis XV (before that, chocolate was only drunk). In 1770, Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI and comes to France with her personal chocolatier. It is she who invents a new position at court - the queen's chocolatier. There are varieties of chocolate with orchids to give strength, with orange flowers to calm the nerves, with almond milk to improve digestion. From that time on, chocolate advertisements appeared in newspapers and magazines, on posters, and in the 19th century, mass production of chocolate began. [5, p.78]. We were interested in engineering specialists. They will be more than in demand, because there is a shortage of specialists with technical education. "Techies" are always in short supply when it comes to a competent specialist. After all, it is the engineer who is the central figure of scientific and technological progress. This specialty is chosen not only by hereditary "techies", but also by those who plan to keep up with progress. The rapid development of the construction industry and production automation is just around the corner.
Engineering - (English engineering We learned that a "columnist" is "a journalist who regularly contributes to a newspaper, who hosts a television or radio program similar in style and material to a column, or who writes a column in a print publication." Interestingly, this word was borrowed from the Latin language - in its meaning it is "a text published in the form of a column." And with the help of the suffix “ist”, which denotes the name of a person, this professionalism occurred. As a matter of fact, in rather early examples it seems to be recognizably difficult: in English it was written in such a way that in Russian it would sound “kalemnis”. But then the spelling settled down, therefore, when borrowed into our dictionary, the term passed as “columnist”.
Thus, a columnist is a person who writes articles in a specific column of a printed publication or an Internet site, which, as a rule, are devoted to topical issues. [7, p.77]. A copywriter is a specialist in copywriting, the author of texts for advertising, information, and selling content. The word comes from the English neologism "copywriter" - the creator of the manuscript. Even 20 years ago, the profession of a copywriter did not exist in Russia. However, at all times there were people who wrote texts for commercial content, scripts for advertising, image articles in magazines and newspapers. These same people created advertising slogans and were engaged in competent promotion of commercial products to the masses. It is from them that modern copywriters "came". So, a copywriter today is a writer - a generalist, a specialist in creating texts and part-time - a generator of ideas. As a rule, he works on the Internet at home and writes articles, news, advertising texts on any topic proposed by the customer. [7, p. 76]. The meaning of the term "freelancer" is a freelance artist, a person who is hired to do a specific job without entering into a long-term collaboration. Most of all, freelancing is popular in the field of journalism, advertising, web design, programming, foreign translations, and consulting. [7, p. 75]. A newsmaker is a person whose activities involve intentional or unintentional publicity and arouse sustained media interest. Speechwriter (eng. "speechwriter") - the compiler of the texts of speeches, speeches for high-ranking officials of the state, politicians, public figures or businessmen. [7, p.76]. Currently, nanoscience and nanotechnology based on its results is one of the most advanced areas of modern natural science. Nanotechnology (Greek nanos - "dwarf" + "techno" - art, + "logos" - doctrine, concept) is the technology of objects whose dimensions are of the order of a nanometer (atoms, molecules). Nanotechnology processes obey the laws of quantum mechanics. [8] .Professions-neologisms of this professional area:
A neon specialist is an outdoor advertising specialist who designs and installs outdoor advertising parts (signboards, layouts, etc.). [8, p. 64]. A nanotechnologist is a specialist in nanotechnology, a scientist who studies materials at the molecular and atomic level and creates objects from nanosized components. Why has this trend become so relevant lately? The fact is that nanotechnology is the most profound and directed intervention in matter today. This is a qualitatively new level of accuracy. [8, p.65].In the course of researching the names of new professions, we studied the classification of Professor E. A. Klimov. The unusualness of this classification lies in the fact that the names of persons according to the type of professional activity are combined into groups by topic.
1. "Man - technology"
A developer is a specialist in real estate transactions: he orders a project, buys or leases a piece of land, “ties” the project to the site, coordinates the summing of all communications, builds an object - for example, a large office building.Cleaner (cleaner) - a specialist in cleaning premises. A nanotechnologist is a specialist who is engaged in scientific research at the atomic and molecular level, creating new types of materials. A system administrator is an employee who is responsible for the adequate operation of computers and networks. System administrators set access rights to various internal network resources (printers, scanners, etc.) and the Internet, as well as rules for working with them. The system administrator has the task of ensuring the information security of the company. A computer game script writer is a specialist who comes up with plots for role-playing games and strategies, describes adventures in quests.
2. "Man - man"
Assistant - assistant, more often defined as a personal assistant, not only organizes the work of the head of the company, but acts as a kind of intermediary, conducts direct negotiations on behalf of the person who represents, solves practical issues related to his field of knowledge. A broker is an intermediary in concluding transactions on exchanges, acting on behalf and at the expense of clients. A guest worker is a hired foreign worker. Dealer - a private person or company that conducts exchange operations on its own behalf and at its own expense. Distributor is an intermediary. [eight]. Interviewer - a person who conducts interviews, surveys, including for sociological and other social research. A traveling salesman is a traveling sales intermediary who, moving around the market, acts as a simple intermediary or acts on behalf of his client (seller).A coach is a specialist who reveals the potential of a company's employees (usually a top manager): it increases their productivity and efficiency, helps develop the ability to move in the right pace and direction, and sets in motion a person's motivation system.