Destination MAC address: The hardware address of the intended recipient that immediately follows the start frame delimiter
Destination network: The column in a routing table that contains a row for each network that the router knows about
Destination port: The port of the service the TCP packet is intended for
DHCP: A technology that assigns an IP address automatically to a new device. It is an application layer protocol that automates the configuration process of hosts on a network
Dotted decimal notation: A format of using dots to separate numbers in a string, such as in an IP address
Duplex communication: A form of communication where information can flow in both directions across a cable
Dynamic IP address: An IP address assigned automatically to a new device through a technology known as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
E
ESTABLISHED: Status indicating that the TCP connection is in working order, and both sides are free to send each other data
Ethernet frame: A highly structured collection of information presented in a specific order
Ethernet: The protocol most widely used to send data across individual links
EtherType field: It follows the Source MAC Address in a dataframe. It's 16 bits long and used to describe the protocol of the contents of the frame
Exterior gateway: Protocols that are used for the exchange of information between independent autonomous systems
F
Fiber cable: Fiber optic cables contain individual optical fibers which are tiny tubes made of glass about the width of a human hair. Unlike copper, which uses electrical voltages, fiber cables use pulses of light to represent the ones and zeros of the underlying data
FIN_WAIT: A TCP socket state indicating that a FIN has been sent, but the corresponding ACK from the other end hasn't been received yet
FIN: One of the TCP control flags. FIN is short for finish. When this flag is set to one, it means the transmitting computer doesn't have any more data to send and the connection can be closed
