Instantiation: The actual implementation of something defined elsewhere
Interface: For a router, the port where a router connects to a network. A router gives and receives data through its interfaces. These are also used as part of the routing table
Interior gateway: Interior gateway protocols are used by routers to share information within a single autonomous system
Internet Protocol (IP): The most common protocol used in the network layer
Internet Service Provider (ISP): A company that provides a consumer an internet connection
Internetwork: A collection of networks connected together through routers - the most famous of these being the Internet
IP datagram: A highly structured series of fields that are strictly defined
IP options field: An optional field and is used to set special characteristics for datagrams primarily used for testing purposes
L
Line coding: Modulation used for computer networks
Listen: It means that a TCP socket is ready and listening for incoming connections
Local Area Network (LAN): A single network in which multiple devices are connected
M
MAC(Media Access Control) address: A globally unique identifier attached to an individual network interface. It's a 48-bit number normally represented by six groupings of two hexadecimal numbers
Modulation:A way of varying the voltage of a constant electrical charge moving across a standard copper network cable
Multicast frame: If the least significant bit in the first octet of a destination address is set to one, it means you're dealing with a multicast frame. A multicast frame is similarly set to all devices on the local network signal, and it will be accepted or discarded by each device depending on criteria aside from their own hardware MAC address
Multiplexing: It means that nodes on the network have the ability to direct traffic toward many different receiving services
N
