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MERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies
www.
 grnjournal.us 
 
It is very important for a political analyst to learn to understand and feel what is important, what 
is not important from a political point of view in current news, in published texts; what will 
become political news and a political event, and what will not. One must not only understand 
events from the point of view of political relevance, but also be able to assess the possible 
reaction of society: how the political audience, its individual parts, will perceive this event, how 
it can be used in political propaganda, counter-propaganda. A few more considerations about 
which texts are political. The text becomes political if the main subject of the political process 
begins to consider it as such: in democratic countries - the political audience, in authoritarian 
countries - the government itself or its institutions. 
In different political systems, texts that are identical in structure and relevance for these systems 
will be evaluated differently. One of the explanations is that they are not considered political by 
the speakers themselves, and the audience does not believe that they can somehow affect the 
authority of the leader, the distribution of political power. The subjects of the political process 
are: authorities, politicians, parties, and the author of the text, the audience, certain groups or 
strata of society. Any political text is potentially, strategically, aimed at changing or maintaining 
the current political situation, at redistributing or maintaining the existing balance of power. But 
in their pure form, texts aimed at the implementation of these strategic objectives are usually 
associated with election and other political campaigns: marches, protests, strikes. 
The ideological function of a political text includes several components. Firstly, it consists in the 
fact that the author of the text selects and formulates those problems that he considers necessary 
to highlight and the solution of which he proposes. This includes a description of the general 
context of the situation, and a program of action, and polemics with a political opponent. We call 
this function ideological, because the representation of reality in political speech or text is given 
in the way the author sees and understands it. And what are the main problems, and what are the 
best ways to solve these problems, and the situation in which the political struggle unfolds - all 
this depends on how the author of the text sees the surrounding reality. As has long been noted, a 
politician in his speeches and texts, even if he tries to be absolutely objective and reliable, 
depicts not so much objective reality, the existence of which is still controversial, but a picture of 
reality that he saw. Political parties in their programs, individual politicians in their speeches, 
political publicists in their texts offer their vision of the world and ways to solve pressing 
problems. But the task of a politician, a political publicist, is wider than simply depicting a 
situation within a certain point of view. He needs, firstly, to convince the audience that it is his 
point of view that is true, that it is his vision of problems and society that is adequate to reality, 
and that within the framework of reality understood in this way, it is possible to solve these 
problems, and to solve them in the best way for the audience. He needs to identify the problems 
that he puts forward with the problems of the audience, or to ensure that the audience perceives 
the problems put forward as their own, it is necessary to prove to the audience the relevance of 
these problems. Secondly, he must offer such a picture of the current moment and portray it in 
such a way that there are common points of contact between the audience's vision of the situation 
and its presentation. The context of the situation in the presentation of the politician should be at 
least understandable, or better, close and adequate to the context as understood by the audience. 
Thirdly, he needs to prove that the solution he proposed to the problems relevant to the audience 
is the best of all possible. That this particular solution is most acceptable to the audience, so that 
the audience perceives the proposed solution as their own solution. To do this, the author uses 
various argumentation systems: from logical arguments to recourse to authoritative symbols, 
from emotional images to rhetorical repetitions, from intonational play to graphic highlights. The 
correct choice of emphasis (on logical arguments or on authoritative symbols, and on which 
ones) depends on the skill of the author, on how much he imagines the audience, is convinced 
that he is right, etc.

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