5.3.2. Koks gazini qoldiq aralashm alardan tozalash
Koks g az i n i t o z a l a s h n i n g b i r i n c h i b o s q i c h i b u — koks gazini
m i s hy a k s od al i e r i t m a n i n g
natriyli tuzi bi lan yuvib, uni v o d o r o d
s u l f i d d a n t o z a l a s h d i r . Bu j a r a y o n na t i j as i da q u yi da g i r e a k s i y a l a r
asosida koks gazi na f aq a t v o d o r o d sul fi ddan t oz a l a n a d i , balki m a ’l um
m i q d o r d a m a h s u l i y o l t i n g u gu r t h a m ishl ab c hi qa r il a di:
N a 3H A s S 20 2 + H 2S = N a 3H A s S 30 + H 20
(5.7)
Bu e r i t m a a t m o s f e r a havosi b i lan p u f l a n g a n d a :
N a 3H A s S 30 + 0,5 0 2 = N a 3H A s S 20 2 + S
(5.8)
Ke yingi b o s q i c h b u — koks g az i ni a z ot m o n o o k s i d i N O d a n t o
za la shdi r. A z o t m o n o o k s i d i past t e m p e r a t u r a va y u q or i b o s i m l a r d a
koks gazi t ar ki bi dagi kislorod b il an az ot t o ‘rt oksi di N O , g a c h a o k -
si dl anadi .
2 N O + O , = 2 N 0 2 + Q ,
(5.9)
A z o t t o ‘rt oksidi o ‘z n a v b a t i d a t o ‘y i n m a g a n u g l e v o d o r o d l a r ( b u
t a d i y e n , i z o p r e n , s i k l o p e n t a d i y e n va b o s h q a l a r )
bilan re aksi yaga ki-
rishib, n i t r o b i r i k m a l a r va n i t r o z o b i r i k m a l a r hosil qilishi m u m k i n .
U l a r es a k o ks g az ini ajratish a p p a r a t l a r i d a t o ‘p l a n i b, o ‘z - o ‘z i d an
y o n i b ketishi yoki p o r t l a b k e t a d i ga n o r g a n i k b i r i k m a l a r hosil qilish
m u m k i n .
Koks g a z in i a z o t m o n o o k s i d i d a n o ks idl ab t o z a l a s h 1,2 M P a b o
si m va 373 К ga y a q i n t e m p e r a t u r a d a ichi b o ‘sh i di shda a m a l g a
oshiriladi. Ko k s gazi bu i d i sh da 9 0 — 110 s e k u n d b o ‘lib, N O gazi
N O , gaz iga o ks i d l an ad i.
Hosil b o ' l g a n N O , gazi t o ‘y i n m a g a n u g l e r o d o r o d l a r b il an r e a k
siyaga kirishib, y u q o r i d a k o ‘rsatilgan t e m p e r a t u r a l a r d a
p or t l a b ket-
maydi gan s mo l a shaklidagi ni trobi ri kma l ar hosil qiladi. Ul ar sovitilgan
s k r u b b e r l a r d a suv b i lan yuvilib, idishni t o z a l a s h c h o g ‘ida koks gazi
a z o t m o n o o k s i d i va d i o ks i d l a r i d a n deyarli t o z a l a n a di .
Koks gazi t ar ki bi dagi asetilen past t e m p e r a t u r a l a r d a kr i st al lanadi
va a p p a r a t l a r d a por t lash hosil qiluvchi m i q d o r l a r g a c h a t o ‘pl ani b
qoli-
shi m u m k i n . Koks g a z i d a n N O , t o ‘y i n m a g a n u g l ev o d o ro d l a r va C , H 2
d a n b u t ku l t o za l a s h u c h u n ul ar ni k a t a l i z a t o r i s ht ir okida gi dri dl ash
j a r a y o n i d a n o ‘t k a z i l a d i . Bu v a q t d a q u y i d a g i r e a k s i y a l a r k et is hi
m u m k i n :
2 N O + 2 H 2 = N 2 + 2 H 20
(5. 10)
2NO + 5 H 2 = 2 N H 3 + 2 H , 0
(5.11)
168
С пн 2п_2 + 2 Н 2 = С Н
(5.12)
С 2Н 2 + Н 2 = С 2Н 4
(5. 13)
С 2Н 2 + 2 Н 2 = С 2Н 6
(5. 14)
Koks gazini ugl erod dioksidi C O , d a n t ozalash
u c h u n suv- a bsor b-
siya yoki a m m i a k - i s h q o r i y usul qoMlanadi. S h u n d a y qilib, toz a l an ga n
koks gazi t a r k i b i d a quyi dagi asosiy a r a l a s h m a l a r h a m b o ‘lishi m u m
kin: az ot m o n o o k s i d i N O 0 , 0 1 —0,02 s m 3/ m 3 d a n o r t i q emas; uglerod
di oksi di C 0 2 10 s m 3/ m 3 d a n o r t i q e m a s ;
v o d o r o d sulfid H , S va
b o s h q a o l t i ng u g u r t l i m o d d a l a r 30 s m 3/ m 3 d a n o r t i q e m a s va a s et i
len C 2H 2 20 0 s m 3/ m 3 d a n o r t i q e ma s .
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