11.4. KALSINATSIYA JARAYONINING
TEX NO LOG IK T I Z I M I
J a r a y o n n i te x n o lo g ik tizim i 1 1 .2-rasm da k o ‘rsatilganidek, k a r b o n i
z a ts iy a b o ‘li m i d a o lin g a n 26% li b ik a r b o n a t a r a la s h m a s i v a k u u m -
filtrga (6) filtrlash u c h u n y u b o rila d i. A jratilgan e r it m a a so s a n a m m o -
n iy x l o r id d a n ta sh k il to p g a n b o ‘lib, a m m i a k n i
a jra tib olish u c h u n
d istilla tsiy a b o ‘lim ig a j o ‘n a tila d i.
V a k u u m filtrd a yuvilgan x o m b ik a r b o n a t tr a n s p o r ty o r (4), yig‘uv-
ch i b u n k e r (3) orqali a r a la sh tirg ic h (1) ga j o ‘n atilad i. Bu y e rd a t r a n s
p o r t y o r o rq a li (7) kelgan issiq s o d a aralash tirila d i (re tu r). O lingan
a r a l a s h m a so d a p e c h ig a (22) yuborilib, p e c h d a k alsinatsiya p a r c h a -
lanish j a r a y o n i ketadi. H osil b o ‘lgan ta y y o r m a h s u lo t p e c h d a n ch iq ib
s h n e k la r (17, 8) va ele v a to r orqali
b ir qismi re tu r sifatida, asosiy qismi
e sa s h n e k (8) orqali ta y y o r m a h s u lo t sifatida o m b o r g a j o ‘n atiladi.
11.5. S O D A ISHLAB C H IQ A R IS H D A A M M IA K N IN G
QAYTARISH (REGENERATSIYA) JARAYONI
B ik a r b o n a tn in g filtrlash j a r a y o n i d a hosil b o ‘lgan su y u q lik e r itm a -
d a n a m m i a k n i ajratib olish m ax su s b o fiim d a — distillatsiya b o ‘lim ida
j o r i y q ilin a d i. A m m i a k n i n g b ir q ism i C 0 2 b ila n b o g ‘la n g a n b o ‘lib,
d istilla tsiy a j a r a y o n i a m m i a k va C O , ga p a r c h a l a n a d i .
N H 4H C 0 3- » N H 40 H + C O , + H , 0
N H 4H C 0 3 + N H 40 H - » ( N H 4) 2C 0 3+
h
2
o
2 N H 4H C 0 3^ ( N H 4) 2C 0 3 + C 0 2 + H 20 - 30,4 kJ
H a r o r a t
o s h is h i b ila n
( N H 4)2C 0 3- » 2 N H 3 + C 0 2 + H , 0 - 100,8 kJ
H a r o r a t 80°C d a n y u q o r id a 62% C 0 2 va 9% y a q in N H , g a z faza-
siga ajralib c h iq a d i. X lorid a m m o n i y ho latd ag i a m m ia k n i
ajratib olish
u c h u n e r it m a o h a k suti b ila n ish lan ad i.
2 N H 4C1 + C a ( O H ) 2- » C a C l2 + 2 N H 3 + 2 H , 0 + 2 4 ,4 kJ
H osil b o ‘lg an a m m i a k n i g az fa z a sid a h a y d a s h u c h u n e r it m a suv
b u g ‘i y o r d a m i d a 9 5 — 1 15°C ga q a d a r q iz d irila d i. O h a k suti b e ris h i-
d a n ilgari a m m o n i y k a r b o n a t i n i t o ‘liq p a r c h a l a s h k e ra k , a k s in c h a
k a r b o n a t a m m o n i y o h a k suti b ila n reaksiyaga kirish i m u m k in .
( N H 4) 2C O , + C a ( 0 H ) 2- » C a C 0 3 + 2 N H 3 + 2 H 20 - 8 kJ
N a tija d a q i s m a n C O , va o h a k suvini c h o ‘k tirish m u m k in . A m m i
a k n in g q ay ta rish (regeneratsiya) b o ‘lim in in g te x n o lo g ik sxemasi 11.3-
r a s m d a k e ltirilgan.
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