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MATLAB buyruqlari. Standart funksiyalar
MATLABning standart buyruqlarining umumiy ko‗rinishi quyidagicha:
buyruq(p1, p2, …)
yoki
buyruq(p1, p2, …);
Bu yerda, buyruqning nomi, p1, p2,… - uning paramеtrlari.
Buyruq
yozilgach natijani olish uchun (odatda MATLAB da buyruq oxirida nuqta vergul
yoki ikki nuqta kabi belgilar qo‗yilmaydi) Enter tugmasini bosish (bir marta)
yetarli. Har bir buyruq oxirida (;) bеlgisi bo‗lishi,
buyruq bajarilsada natijani
ekranda namoyon etilmaslikni anglatadi va Enter tugmasi bosilganda jimlik
qoidasiga
asosan buyruq bajarilib, keyingi buyruqqa o‗tiladi. Bunda natija EHM
xotirasida qoladi.
(%) – foiz bеlgisi izohlarni yozish uchun xizmat qiladi.
Agar buyruqlar
qisqa bo‗lsa, ularni bir qatorga vergul bilan ajratgan holda yozib bajariladi. Agar
buyruq yetarlicha uzun bo‗lsa, u holda uch nuqta (…) qo‗yilib, Enter ni bir marta
bosish orqali keyingi qatordan davom ettiriladi va hk. Masalan:
ifodani x = 0.2 va y = -3.9 dag qiymatini hisoblaymiz:
>> x=0.2;
>> y=-3.9;
>> c=sqrt((sin(4/3·pi·x)+exp(0.1·y))/(cos(4/3·pi·x)+exp(0.1·y)))+...
((sin(4/3·pi·x)+exp(0.1·y))/(cos(4/3·pi·x)+exp(0.1·y)))^(1/3)
c =
2.0451
Dasturlashda shunday vaziyatlar bo‗ladiki, bunda ifodani hisoblashda
oraliq o‗zgaruvchilarni kiritib(yoki ifodani qismlarga bo‗lib)
qadamma-qadam
hisoblash mumkin. Yuqoridag misolni qaraymiz:
>>
x=0.2;
>> y=-3.9;
>> a=sin(4/3*pi*x)+exp(0.1*y);
>> b=cos(4/3*pi*x)+exp(0.1*y);
>> c=sqrt(a/b)+(a/b)^(1/3)
c =
2.0451
O‗zgaruvchi bеrilgan qiymatni o‗zlashtirishi uchun = bеlgi qo‗llaniladi.
MATLAB dasturi buyruqlarni help
buyrug‘i bilan chaqirib
olinishi mumkin. MATLABning asosiy amaliy buyruqlari maxsus kengaytirilgan
paketlar(kutubxonalar)ida, yani Toolbox(―Toolbox‖ inglizcha - ―uskunalar qutisi‖
ma'nosini bildiradi)larida joylashgan bo‗ladi.. Bu buyruqlarni MATLAB tizimi
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ma'lumotnomalaridan yoki help
buyrug‘i bilan chaqirish
mumkin. Masalan: Simvolli hisoblashlarni bajarish paketi buyruqlarini Symbolic
Math Toolbox paketini chaqirish orqali ko‗rish munkin:
>>
help Symbolic Math
Symbolic Math Toolbox.
Version 2.1.3 (R13) 28-Jun-2002
Calculus.
diff - Differentiate.
int - Integrate.
limit - Limit.
taylor - Taylor series.
jacobian - Jacobian matrix.
symsum - Summation of series.
…
Linear Algebra.
diag - Create or extract diagonals.
triu - Upper triangle.
tril - Lower triangle.
inv - Matrix inverse.
det - Determinant.
rank - Rank.
rref - Reduced row echelon form.
null - Basis for null space.
colspace - Basis for column space.
eig - Eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
svd - Singular values and singular vectors.
jordan - Jordan canonical (normal) form.
poly - Characteristic polynomial.
expm - Matrix exponential.
Simplification.
simplify - Simplify.
expand - Expand.
factor - Factor.
collect - Collect.
simple - Search for shortest form.
numden - Numerator and denominator.
horner - Nested polynomial representation.
subexpr - Rewrite in terms of subexpressions.
subs - Symbolic substitution.
Solution of Equations.
solve - Symbolic solution of algebraic equations.
dsolve - Symbolic solution of differential equations.
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finverse - Functional inverse.
compose - Functional composition.
Variable Precision Arithmetic.
vpa - Variable precision arithmetic.
digits - Set variable precision accuracy.
Integral Transforms.
fourier - Fourier transform.
laplace - Laplace transform.
ztrans - Z transform.
ifourier - Inverse Fourier transform.
ilaplace - Inverse Laplace transform.
iztrans - Inverse Z transform.
Conversions.
double - Convert symbolic matrix to double.
poly2sym - Coefficient vector to symbolic polynomial.
sym2poly - Symbolic polynomial to coefficient vector.
char - Convert sym object to string.
Basic Operations.
sym - Create symbolic object.
syms - Short-cut for constructing symbolic objects.
findsym - Determine symbolic variables.
pretty - Pretty print a symbolic expression.
latex - LaTeX representation of a symbolic expression.
ccode - C code representation of a symbolic expression.
fortran - FORTRAN representation of a symbolic expression.
…
Access to Maple. (Not available with Student Edition.)
maple - Access Maple kernel.
mfun - Numeric evaluation of Maple functions.
mhelp - Maple help.
procread - Install a Maple procedure. (Requires Extended Toolbox.)
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