www.gastrojournal.org
, and at
http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.
gastro.2016.04.006
.
References
1.
Eusebi LH, Zagari RM, Bazzoli F. Epidemiology of Heli-
cobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2014;19(suppl 1):
1
–5
.
2.
Ford AC, Axon AT. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori
infection and public health implications. Helicobacter
2010;15(suppl 1):1
–6
.
3.
Goh KL, Chan WK, Shiota S, et al. Epidemiology of
Helicobacter pylori infection and public health implica-
tions. Helicobacter 2011;16(suppl 1):1
–9
.
4.
Wang AY, Peura DA. The prevalence and incidence of
Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease and
upper gastrointestinal bleeding throughout the world.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin North Am 2011;21:613
–635
.
5.
Sethi A, Chaudhuri M, Kelly L, et al. Prevalence of Heli-
cobacter pylori in a First Nations population in north-
western
Ontario.
Can
Fam
Physician
2013;
59:e182
–e187
.
6.
Cheung J, Goodman KJ, Girgis S, et al. Disease mani-
festations of Helicobacter pylori infection in Arctic Can-
ada:
using
epidemiology
to
address
community
concerns. BMJ Open 2014;4:e003689
.
7.
Parkinson AJ, Gold BD, Bulkow L, et al. High prevalence
of Helicobacter pylori in the Alaska native population and
association with low serum ferritin levels in young adults.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2000;7:885
–888
.
8.
Woodward M, Morrison C, McColl K. An investigation
into factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
J Clin Epidemiol 2000;53:175
–181
.
9.
McColl KE. Clinical practice. Helicobacter pylori infec-
tion. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1597
–1604
.
10.
Sugano K, Tack J, Kuipers EJ, et al. Kyoto global
consensus report on Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Gut
2015;64:1353
–1367
.
11.
Hunt R, Fallone C, Veldhuyzan van Zanten S, et al.
Canadian Helicobacter Study Group Consensus Con-
ference: update on the management of Helicobacter
pylori
—an evidence-based evaluation of six topics rele-
vant to clinical outcomes in patients evaluated for H
pylori infection. Can J Gastroenterol 2004;18:547
–554
.
12.
Hunt RH, Fallone CA, Thomson AB. Canadian Heli-
cobacter pylori Consensus Conference update: in-
fections in adults. Canadian Helicobacter Study Group.
Can J Gastroenterol 1999;13:213
–217
.
13.
Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O
’Morain C, et al. Current
concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori
infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report. Gut 2007;
56:772
–781
.
14.
Gisbert JP, Calvet X. Review article: Helicobacter pylori-
negative duodenal ulcer disease. Aliment Pharmacol
Ther 2009;30:791
–815
.
15.
Ford AC, Forman D, Hunt RH, et al. Helicobacter pylori
eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer in healthy
asymptomatic infected individuals: systematic review
and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ
2014;348:g3174
.
16.
Chiba N, Van Zanten SJ, Sinclair P, et al. Treating Heli-
cobacter pylori infection in primary care patients with
uninvestigated dyspepsia: the Canadian adult dyspepsia
empiric treatment-Helicobacter pylori positive (CADET-
Hp)
randomised
controlled
trial.
BMJ
2002;
324:1012
–1016
.
17.
Moayyedi P, Soo S, Deeks JJ, et al. Eradication of
Helicobacter pylori for non-ulcer dyspepsia. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev 2011:CD002096
.
18.
Loo VG, Fallone CA, De Souza E, et al. In-vitro suscep-
tibility of Helicobacter pylori to ampicillin, clarithromycin,
metronidazole and omeprazole. J Antimicrob Chemother
1997;40:881
–883
.
19.
Lahaie RG, Gaudreau C. Helicobacter pylori antibiotic
resistance: trends over time. Can J Gastroenterol 2000;
14:895
–899
.
20.
Best L, Cooper-Lesins G, Haldane D, et al. Helicobacter
pylori antibiotic resistance in Canadian populations
(abstr S1293). Gastroenterology 2004;126:A-189
.
21.
Luther J, Higgins PD, Schoenfeld PS, et al. Empiric
quadruple vs. triple therapy for primary treatment of
Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and
meta-analysis of ef
ficacy and tolerability. Am J Gastro-
enterol 2010;105:65
–73
.
22.
Venerito M, Krieger T, Ecker T, et al. Meta-analysis of
bismuth quadruple therapy versus clarithromycin triple
64
Fallone et al
Gastroenterology Vol. 151, No. 1
therapy for empiric primary treatment of Helicobacter
pylori infection. Digestion 2013;88:33
–45
.
23.
McMahon BJ, Hennessy TW, Bensler JM, et al. The
relationship among previous antimicrobial use, antimi-
crobial resistance, and treatment outcomes for Heli-
cobacter pylori infections. Ann Intern Med 2003;
139:463
–469
.
24.
Saad RJ, Chey WD. Persistent Helicobacter pylori
infection after a course of antimicrobial therapy
—what’s
next? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;6:1086
–1090
.
25.
Peterson WL, Fendrick AM, Cave DR, et al. Helicobacter
pylori-related disease: guidelines for testing and treat-
ment. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:1285
–1291
.
26.
Dore MP, Leandro G, Realdi G, et al. Effect of pre-
treatment antibiotic resistance to metronidazole and
clarithromycin on outcome of Helicobacter pylori ther-
apy: a meta-analytical approach. Dig Dis Sci 2000;
45:68
–76
.
27.
Chen Y-I, Fallone CA. A 14-day course of triple therapy is
superior to a 10-day course for the eradication of Heli-
cobacter pylori: A Canadian study conducted in a
“real
world
” setting. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015;
29:e7
–e10
.
28.
Yuan Y, Ford AC, Khan KJ, et al. Optimum duration of
regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev 2013;12:CD008337
.
29.
Lee M, Kemp JA, Canning A, et al. A randomized
controlled trial of an enhanced patient compliance pro-
gram for Helicobacter pylori therapy. Arch Intern Med
1999;159:2312
–2316
.
30.
O
’Connor A, Gisbert JP, McNamara D, et al. Treatment of
Helicobacter pylori infection 2010. Helicobacter 2010;
15(suppl 1):46
–52
.
31.
Graham DY, Lew GM, Malaty HM, et al. Factors in
flu-
encing the eradication of Helicobacter pylori with triple
therapy. Gastroenterology 1992;102:493
–496
.
32.
Graham DY, Fischbach L. Helicobacter pylori treatment
in the era of increasing antibiotic resistance. Gut 2010;
59:1143
–1153
.
33.
Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. GRADE: an
emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and
strength of recommendations. BMJ 2008;336:924
–926
.
34.
Sultan S, Falck-Ytter Y, Inadomi JM. The AGA Institute
process for developing clinical practice guidelines part
one: grading the evidence. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
2013;11:329
–332
.
35.
Nguyen GC, Bernstein CN, Bitton A, et al. Consensus
statements on the risk, prevention, and treatment of
venous thromboembolism in in
flammatory bowel dis-
ease:
Canadian
Association
of
Gastroenterology.
Gastroenterology 2014;146:835
–848.e6
.
36.
Bressler B, Marshall JK, Bernstein CN, et al. Clinical
practice guidelines for the medical management of
nonhospitalized
ulcerative
colitis:
the
Toronto
consensus. Gastroenterology 2015;148:1035
–1058.e3
.
37.
Cook DJ, Greengold NL, Ellrodt AG, et al. The relation
between systematic reviews and practice guidelines. Ann
Intern Med 1997;127:210
–216
.
38.
Dalkey N. An experimental study of group opinion: the
Delphi method. Futures 1969;1:408
–426
.
39.
Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Kunz R, et al. Going from evi-
dence to recommendations. BMJ 2008;336:1049
–1051
.
40.
van Zanten SV, Desai S, Best L, et al. Rescue therapy
using a rifabutin-based regimen is effective for cure of
Helicobacter pylori infection. Can J Gastroenterol 2010;
24:303
–306
.
41.
Megraud F, Coenen S, Versporten A, et al. Helicobacter
pylori resistance to antibiotics in Europe and its rela-
tionship to antibiotic consumption. Gut 2013;62:34
–42
.
42.
Lee SK, Lee SW, Park JY, et al. Effectiveness and safety
of repeated quadruple therapy in Helicobacter pylori
infection after failure of second-line quadruple therapy:
repeated quadruple therapy as a third-line therapy. Hel-
icobacter 2011;16:410
–414
.
43.Shaikh T, Fallone CA. Effectiveness of second- through
sixth-line salvage Helicobacter pylori treatment: bismuth
quadruple therapy is almost always a reasonable choice.
Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015 Nov 2. pii: 17152.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7321574.
[Epub ahead of
print]
44.
Gisbert JP, Calvet X. Review article: non-bismuth
quadruple (concomitant) therapy for eradication of Heli-
cobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011;34:604
–617
.
45.
Gisbert JP, Molina-Infante J, Harb Y, et al. Nonbismuth
quadruple (concomitant) therapy for eradication of H.
pylori: standard vs. optimized (14-day, high-dose PPI)
regimen
(abstr
Su1172).
Gastroenterology
2014;
146:S394
–S395
.
46.
Filipec Kanizaj T, Katicic M, Skurla B, et al. Helicobacter
pylori eradication therapy success regarding different
treatment period based on clarithromycin or metronida-
zole
triple-therapy
regimens.
Helicobacter
2009;
14:29
–35
.
47.
Wenzhen Y, Yumin L, Quanlin G, et al. Is antimicrobial
susceptibility testing necessary before
first-line treat-
ment for Helicobacter pylori infection? Meta-analysis of
randomized
controlled
trials.
Intern
Med
2010;
49:1103
–1109
.
48.
Shiota S, Reddy R, Alsarraj A, et al. Antibiotic resistance
of Helicobacter pylori among male United States veter-
ans. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015;13:1616
–1624
.
49.
Agudo S, Perez-Perez G, Alarcon T, et al. High preva-
lence of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori
strains and risk factors associated with resistance in
Madrid. Spain. J Clin Microbiol 2010;48:3703
–3707
.
50.
Yang JC, Lin CJ, Wang HL, et al. High-dose dual therapy
is superior to standard
first-line or rescue therapy for
Helicobacter pylori infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
2015;13:895
–905.e5
.
51.
Cheung J, Morse AL, Goodman KJ, et al. Prevalence of
Helicobacter pylori and antibiotic resistance in an
aboriginal population in Canada
’s arctic: preliminary re-
sults from the Aklavik H. pylori project (abstr M1058).
Gastroenterology 2009;136:A341
.
52.
Liao J, Zheng Q, Liang X, et al. Effect of
fluoroquinolone
resistance on 14-day levo
floxacin triple and triple plus
bismuth
quadruple
therapy.
Helicobacter
2013;
18:373
–377
.
53.
Katelaris PH, Forbes GM, Talley NJ, et al. A randomized
comparison of quadruple and triple therapies for
July 2016
Toronto Consensus for
H pylori Treatment
65
Helicobacter pylori eradication: the QUADRATE Study.
Gastroenterology 2002;123:1763
–1769
.
54.
Laine L, Hunt R, El-Zimaity H, et al. Bismuth-based
quadruple therapy using a single capsule of bismuth
biskalcitrate, metronidazole, and tetracycline given with
omeprazole versus omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clari-
thromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in
duodenal ulcer patients: a prospective, randomized,
multicenter, North American trial. Am J Gastroenterol
2003;98:562
–567
.
55.
Molina-Infante
J,
Pazos-Pacheco
C,
Vinagre-
Rodriguez G, et al. Nonbismuth quadruple (concomitant)
therapy: empirical and tailored ef
ficacy versus standard
triple therapy for clarithromycin-susceptible Helicobacter
pylori and versus sequential therapy for clarithromycin-
resistant strains. Helicobacter 2012;17:269
–276
.
56.
Fischbach LA, Goodman KJ, Feldman M, et al. Sources
of variation of Helicobacter pylori treatment success in
adults worldwide: a meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2002;
31:128
–139
.
57.
Wu JY, Liou JM, Graham DY. Evidence-based recom-
mendations for successful Helicobacter pylori treatment.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;8:21
–28
.
58.
Graham DY, Shiotani A. Which therapy for Helicobacter
pylori infection? Gastroenterology 2012;143:10
–12
.
59.
Graham
DY.
Hp-normogram
(normo-graham)
for
assessing the outcome of H. pylori therapy: effect of
resistance, duration, and CYP2C19 genotype. Heli-
cobacter 2016;21:85
–90
.
60.
Graham DY, Lee YC, Wu MS. Rational Helicobacter py-
lori therapy: evidence-based medicine rather than
medicine-based evidence. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
2014;12:177
–186.e3; discussion e12–e13
.
61.
Uygun A, Kadayifci A, Safali M, et al. The ef
ficacy of
bismuth containing quadruple therapy as a
first-line
treatment option for Helicobacter pylori. J Dig Dis
2007;8:211
–215
.
62.
Lu H, Zhang W, Graham DY. Bismuth-containing
quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori: lessons from
China. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;25:1134
–1140
.
63.
Ingersoll KS, Cohen J. The impact of medication regimen
factors on adherence to chronic treatment: a review of
literature. J Behav Med 2008;31:213
–224
.
64.
Malfertheiner P, Bazzoli F, Delchier JC, et al. Helicobacter
pylori eradication with a capsule containing bismuth
subcitrate potassium, metronidazole, and tetracycline
given with omeprazole versus clarithromycin-based triple
therapy: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase
3 trial. Lancet 2011;377:905
–913
.
65.
Gisbert JP. Helicobacter pylori eradication: a new,
single-capsule bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;8:307
–309
.
66.
O
’Morain C, Borody T, Farley A, et al. Efficacy and safety
of single-triple capsules of bismuth biskalcitrate, metro-
nidazole and tetracycline, given with omeprazole, for the
eradication of Helicobacter pylori: an international multi-
centre study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17:415
–420
.
67.
Gisbert JP, Barrio J, Modolell I, et al. Helicobacter pylori
first-line and rescue treatments in the presence of peni-
cillin allergy. Dig Dis Sci 2015;60:458
–464
.
68.
Essa AS, Kramer JR, Graham DY, et al. Meta-analysis:
four-drug,
three-antibiotic,
non-bismuth-containing
“concomitant therapy” versus triple therapy for Heli-
cobacter
pylori
eradication.
Helicobacter
2009;
14:109
–118
.
69.
Gisbert JP, McNicholl AG. Eradication of Helicobacter
pylori infection with non-bismuth quadruple concomitant
therapy. In: Talebi Bezmin Abadi A, ed. Helicobacter
pylori: to be or not to be! Sharjah, UAE: Bentham, 2016
.
70.
Gatta L, Vakil N, Vaira D, et al. Global eradication rates
for Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and
meta-analysis
of
sequential
therapy.
BMJ
2013;
347:f4587
.
71.
Huang YK, Wu MC, Wang SS, et al. Lansoprazole-based
sequential and concomitant therapy for the
first-line
Helicobacter
pylori
eradication.
J
Dig
Dis
2012;
13:232
–238
.
72.
Wu DC, Hsu PI, Wu JY, et al. Sequential and concomitant
therapy with four drugs is equally effective for eradication
of H pylori infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010;
8:36
–41.e1
.
73.
Georgopoulos SD, Xirouchakis E, Zampeli E, et al.
A randomised study comparing 10 days concomitant
and sequential treatments for the eradication of Heli-
cobacter pylori, in a high clarithromycin resistance area
(abstr Su1152). Gastroenterology 2015;148:S-422
.
74.
Molina-Infante J, Lucendo AJ, Angueira T, et al. Opti-
mised empiric triple and concomitant therapy for Heli-
cobacter pylori eradication in clinical practice: the
OPTRICON
study.
Aliment
Pharmacol
Ther
2015;
41:581
–589
.
75.
Rodgers C, van Zanten SV. A meta-analysis of the suc-
cess rate of Helicobacter pylori therapy in Canada. Can J
Gastroenterol 2007;21:295
–300
.
76.
Fallone CA, Barkun AN, Szilagyi A, et al. Prolonged
treatment duration is required for successful Heli-
cobacter pylori eradication with proton pump inhibitor
triple therapy in Canada. Can J Gastroenterol 2013;
27:397
–402
.
77.
Lind T, Veldhuyzen van Zanten S, Unge P, et al. Eradi-
cation of Helicobacter pylori using one-week triple ther-
apies combining omeprazole with two antimicrobials: the
MACH I Study. Helicobacter 1996;1:138
–144
.
78.
Assem M, El Azab G, Rasheed MA, et al. Ef
ficacy and
safety of levo
floxacin, clarithromycin, and esomeprazol
as
first line triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradi-
cation in Middle East. Prospective, randomized, blind,
comparative, multicenter study. Eur J Intern Med 2010;
21:310
–314
.
79.
Molina-Infante
J,
Perez-Gallardo
B,
Fernandez-
Bermejo M, et al. Clinical trial: clarithromycin vs. levo-
floxacin in first-line triple and sequential regimens for
Helicobacter pylori eradication. Aliment Pharmacol Ther
2010;31:1077
–1084
.
80.
Qian J, Ye F, Zhang J, et al. Levo
floxacin-containing
triple and sequential therapy or standard sequential
therapy as the
first line treatment for Helicobacter pylori
eradication in China. Helicobacter 2012;17:478
–485
.
81.
Liou JM, Lin JT, Chang CY, et al. Levo
floxacin-based
and clarithromycin-based triple therapies as
first-line and
66
Fallone et al
Gastroenterology Vol. 151, No. 1
second-line treatments for Helicobacter pylori infection:
a randomised comparative trial with crossover design.
Gut 2010;59:572
–578
.
82.
O
’Connor A, Taneike I, Nami A, et al. Helicobacter pylori
resistance rates for levo
floxacin, tetracycline and rifa-
butin among Irish isolates at a reference centre. Ir J Med
Sci 2013;182:693
–695
.
83.
Karczewska E, Klesiewicz K, Wojtas-Bonior I, et al.
Levo
floxacin resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains
isolated from patients in southern Poland, between
2006-2012. Acta Pol Pharm 2014;71:477
–483
.
84.
Phan TN, Santona A, Tran VH, et al. High rate of levo-
floxacin resistance in a background of clarithromycin-
and
metronidazole-resistant
Helicobacter
pylori
in
Vietnam. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015;45:244
–248
.
85.
Eng NF, Ybazeta G, Chapman K, et al. Antimicrobial
susceptibility of Canadian isolates of Helicobacter pylori
in Northeastern Ontario. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol
2015;26:137
–144
.
86.
Berning M, Krasz S, Miehlke S. Should quinolones come
first in Helicobacter pylori therapy? Therap Adv Gastro-
enterol 2011;4:103
–114
.
87.
Khawcharoenporn T, Vasoo S, Ward E, et al. High rates
of quinolone resistance among urinary tract infections in
the ED. Am J Emerg Med 2012;30:68
–74
.
88.
Lee YJ, Liu HY, Lin YC, et al. Fluoroquinolone resistance
of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates causing nosoco-
mial infection is correlated with levo
Dostları ilə paylaş: |