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for societal
responses measure how society responds to environmental concerns
through individual and collective actions and reactions.
2
In the DPSIR framework, the
driving forces are the
causes underlying the problem;
pressures are the pollutant releases into the environment;
state is the condition of the
environment;
impact is the effects of environmental degradation; and
responses are
the measures taken to reduce the drivers and pressures on the environment or to
mitigate the impact and effect on the state of the environment. The DPSIR framework
is used by the EEA to categorize its environmental indicators.
3
As
previously noted, the CSD has abandoned the use of the driving force, state and
response (DSR)-type categorization of indicators as being unwieldy and subject to
definitional difficulties. Consequently, and following the same approach currently
used by the CSD on the Indicators of Sustainable Development (ISD), the EISD are
now simply categorized according to the theme and sub-theme framework.
The theme
framework emphasizes policy issues and is useful in discerning correlations among
themes, defining sustainable development goals and basic societal needs. In addition,
the theme framework has proved to be easier to understand and implement at the
country level. However, when interpreting the indicators, care must be taken in
attributing causality, because the indicators can sometimes
show trends that are
similar but not linked.
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