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fact that singing is the main activity in music lessons and is gaining more and more
popularity among pupils, topics, which are discussed again and again among profes-
sionals include updating of singing repertoire, maintaining or reducing the present
rate of representation of folk songs in songbooks, possibility of implementation of
popular music into the vocal education, defi ning criteria for alternative choice of
popular songs suitable for work with children. Before we list the topical opinions
introduced by the mentioned latest research, let’s look back into history, presuming
that the present state is infl uenced by the historical situation.
Over a hundred textbooks for music education and songbooks have been publis-
hed in the Czech language since the beginning of the nineteenth century. Names of
such personalities that are famous even beyond the sphere of general music education
appear among authors of older textbooks for music education, e.g. Jakub Jan Ryba,
Josef Leopold Zvonař, Jan Nepomuk Škroup, Roman Nejedlý, Josef Cyril Sychra,
Bohuslav Jeremiáš. In the latter half of the 20
th
century similar authorship was part of
music-pedagogical scientifi c erudition: this situation is presented by the appearance
of such names as Jitka Snížková, Jan Budík, Ladislav Daniel, Radko Rajmon, Jaro-
slav Herden and others. All of the listed authors really cared for the development of
general music education, and, besides their pursuit to cover basic topics of music the-
ory, they also always bore in mind the importance of rhythmical intonation practice,
which was realized in close connection with the cultivation of vocal skills.
Folk songs have always been the core material for music education. It could be
stated, without need for any perfect statistical data that they made about 50-60% of
song material. In connection with dates of origin of textbooks, besides the description
of music and text qualities, we can also fi nd motivation notes of the patriotic char-
acter, and comments on important secondary effects of arts activities in education.
E.g. Ludvík Kozel in his Cvičebnice zpěvu pro školy měšťanské chlapecké i dívčí
(Songbook for girls’ and boys’ basic schools):
‘...for educational purposes, the clear
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