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Student will be able to identify and describe the four main categories of macromolecules and
their importance to living things.
Unit I Topic 4 Language Objectives
•
Student will be able to identify and define topic key vocabulary.
•
Student will be able to use Reading Resources to identify word, sentence, and paragraph
grammar structures.
•
Student will be able to use Reading Resources to practice Reading Resource strategies.
•
Student will be able to restate (orally or written) Science and Biology definitions and main ideas
using content-specific terms.
•
Student will be able to organize information using a variety of graphic organizers according to
content-specific expectations (e.g., steps of the scientific method).
1.4. Reading Resources
#1 Biological Molecules
#2 Proteins
#3 Nucleic Acids
1.4 Reading Resource #1: Biological Molecules
The large molecules necessary for life that are built from smaller organic
molecules are called
biological
macromolecules
. Carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids are the four main classes of
biological macromolecules, and each is a vital part of the cell and carries out a variety of tasks. These molecules
make up most of a cell's mass when they are all combined. Organic molecules, which include carbon, are what
make up biological macromolecules. They could also include minor amounts of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
phosphorus, sulfur, and other elements.
Carbon
Life is "carbon-based," as is frequently stated. This indicates that many,
if not the majority, of the
molecules found exclusively in living things are made up primarily of carbon atoms bound to other carbon
atoms or other elements. Carbon undoubtedly qualifies as the "foundation" element for molecules
in living
things, despite the fact that other elements play significant roles in biological molecules. Carbon atoms' ability
to form bonds is what gives it its significant role.
Carbon Bonding
Four electrons make up the outer shell of carbon. As a result, it can join
with four other atoms or
molecules to form covalent bonds. Methane (CH4), which consists of a carbon atom bound to four hydrogen
atoms, is the most basic organic carbon molecule (Figure 11).
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