7.2. Kuch transform atorlari va a v to tra n s fo rn ia to rla rin in g
nom inal ish h o lati
Transformatorlarning n o m in a l ish h o l a ti b o ' l i b , u la r n i ishlab
chiqaruvchi zavod to m o n id a n b c lg ila n g a n h o l a t h is o b la n a d i. Bu
holat transformatorning z av o d s h i t i d a k o T s a t i l g a n p a r a m e t r l a r
bilan xarakterlanadi. T o k va k u c h l a n i s h n i n g n o m i n a l q i y m a t la -
rida
transformatorlar, agar sovitish m u h i t i n i n g s h a r t l a r i n o m in a l
bo‘lsa, cheklanmagan uzoq m u d d a t is h la y o l a d i . S o v it is h m u h i
tining nominal shartlariga, b irin c h i n a v b a t d a ,
Lining h a r o r a ti ki-
radi. Sovitish muhiti h a ro ra tin in g q u y id a g i c h e g a r a v i y q iy m atlari
belgilangan: havo u chun — yillik o T t a c h a h a r o r a t 5 °C d a n osh-
magan taqdirda 40°C dan kichik va — 4 5 ° C d a n k a t t a , sovitgichga
kirish joyidagi suv uchun — 25°C d a n k ic h ik .
Transformatorning nominal yuklanishi.
Ikki c h u l g ' a m l i t r a n
sformatorning nominal quvvati d e b u n i n g i k k i l a m c h i c h u l g ‘a m i-
ning qisqichlaridagi quvvatga a y tilad i. U c h c h u l g ‘a m l i
tra n s fo r-
matorlarda har xil kuchlanish c h u l g ‘a m l a r i b i r xil y o k i h a r xil
quvvatga m o ‘lja lla n a d i. S h u s a b a b l i u c h c h u l g ‘a m l i t r a n
sformatorning nominal quvvati d e y il g a n d a q u v v a t n i n g u c h t a
YK,
0 ‘K
va
PK
chulg‘amlari u c h u n q i y m a t l a r i n i n g e n g k a tta s i tu -
shuniladi.
YK, 0 ‘K v
a
PK
c h u lg ‘a m l a r i n i n g n o m i n a l ( lin iy a ) toki
/, mos chulg'amning nom inal q uvvati va u n i n g n o m i n a l k u c h la
nishi bilan aniqlanadi:
'
f3 U
Bu yerda,
S
— YK,
0 ‘K
yoki
PK
c h u l g ‘a m i n i n g q u v v a t i , VA;
U —
chulg‘amning nom inal liniya ( f a z a l a r a r o ) k u c h l a n i s h i , V.
Faza toki chulg‘am lar y u ld u z c h a k o ‘r i n i s h i d a u l a n g a n d a
uchburchak ko‘rinishida u l a n g a n d a e s a
1 f
=
! , / \ [ 3
f o r m u l a l a r
bo‘yicha aniqlanadi.
Nominal holatda uch c h u lg ‘am li t r a n s f o r m a t o r l a r c h u l g ‘a m la r
orqali, agar ulardagi to k la r b e l g i l a n g a n f a z a t o k l a r i d a n o s h ib
ketmasa, har qanday yuklamani o ‘tk a z a o la d i .
Avtotransformatorning nominal y u k la m a si.
A v t o t r a n s f o r m a t o r
uchun uchta asosiy ish holati x a r a k t e r l i d i r . B u l a r t r a n s f o r m a t o r ,
avtotransformator va aralash t r a n s f o r m a t o r - a v t o t r a n s f o r m a t o r
ish holatlaridir.
96
A v t o t r a n s f o r m a t o r , y a ’ni
Y K ^ O ‘K
va
0 ‘K -^Y K
h o latida
chulg‘am i
va m agnit oMkazgichi
faqat tip q u w a tig a moMjallangan
boMishiga q aram asd an avtotrans
form ator t o ‘la nom inal quvvatni
uzatishi m u m k in . Transform ator,
ya’ni
Dostları ilə paylaş: