Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

part was called "stable" by local residents[1.6B.]. 
The total length of the Pigeon Cave was 970 meters. The lower floor of the cave is 400 
meters, and the upper floor is 570 meters. In the lower part of Abdullasoy, the underground stream 
flows from the mouth of the "Suvchiqar" cave, which is 43 meters deep. Jilgani is a part of the 
underground stream in Kavtarkhana[1.9B.]. The underground journey along the Langar-Tashkurgan 
route ended with the entrance to the Khovori Kalon cave near the Langar village of the Langar 
valley. Murinak cave is located in the north of Chakilkalon through the Murunshak pass. The cave 
is accessed by a ladder. The length of the cave is 26 meters [1.11B.]. 
The trip to Chakilkalon ends with the village of Amonqo'ton, which is considered one of the 
most beautiful and peaceful resorts in the western part of the republic. The Amonkoton cave in the 
Bulbulzorsay valley is noteworthy. Tourists from all over the world were impressed by seeing the 
medieval monuments of Samarkand and seeing the "stone castles" of the Paleolithic people. There 
are Ettikiz and Kattaopa caves in the village of Soldbuloq in Takhtaqoracha pass. The total length 
of Ettikiz cave is 82 meters. Unfortunately, many people who entered the cave used torches as 
lighting. As a result, it was broken and taken away All forms are covered with thick black [1.15B.]. 
63 caves and arches have been identified in the Uzbek part of Zarafshan. The number of limestone 

---

Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203 
164 
caves is 902, and the total length is 17,860 meters, and the gypsum caves are 17, and the total length 
is 9,112 meters [1.26B.]. The Crimean expedition visited the Zarafshan Valley in order to study the 
Kirqtov Caves in the Urgut Mountains. The Kilsey Cave located here has been explored. According 
to speleologists, the depth of Kilsi Cave is 1200 meters. The members of the expedition went down 
to 940 meters in this cave. Regular floods did not allow to descend to the bottom of the cave[26.]. 
There are few kars caves in the West Ziyaviddin mountain in the Zarafshan range. The Gunjak cave 
here is quite large and has a length of 40 meters. Minerals in the cave are of great interest to 
travelers here in the use of marble onyx. However, due to carelessness, most of the forms were 
broken. In addition, it is a pity that some "lovers of souvenirs" who entered the cave wrote their 
names on these wonders of nature formed over thousands of years with hammer and chisel. Great 
attention is paid to the protection of nature, including caves, in our country. Declaration of 1975 as 
"International Cave Protection Year" by the initiative of UNESCO was also of great importance 
[1.20B.]. 
Sarikamish cave, the largest cave on the Ustyurt plateau, is 200 meters long. There are about 
100 caves and arches in the Nurota range. The 110-meter-long Maidan cave on the Nurota 
mountain, the 95-meter-long Boykochkarota cave, and the Obidkhan cave near the village of Josh 
have become a place of honor even for local residents [1.21B.]. 
Chilustun and Chilmayram mountain caves, Sokh and Shahimardan valley caves are also 
famous in the territory of the republic. The length of Chilmayram cave is 310 meters. Obishir, 
Chilustun, Koniyut caves are famous in the Sokh valley[1.23B.].Teshikkamar, Tangig'or, Ark caves 
are considered to be a place to protect livestock from cancer and winter cold, while Khoja Qadah 
cave has been turned into a warehouse for storing wood materials. Animals that have died from 
various diseases have been thrown into a huge funnel near the Chohak cave for several years. 
Below the funnel, the Shorob river, one of the branches of the Sheroboddarya river, can pass and 
spread the disease over a long distance[27.]. 
Kars caves at the foot of Ugom Mountain in Bostanliq are also famous for their precious 
crystals, which are the main raw materials of the electronics industry. One of such caves is 
Karabulok Cave. Here there are crystals reminiscent of fish tails, such crystals are found only in the 
United States [7.44B.]. 
Baykabil cave is located in the juniper-covered part of Sangisurkh mountain and consists of three 
separate caves. The length of two of them is 18 meters, and the length of the third is 20 meters 
[28.92B.]. 
The Khoja Kurgan cave of Kashkadarya region was "sanctified" by local residents. The total 
length of the cave is 43 meters. In the village of Langar of the Kokbulok state farm, the cave of 
Gulbulok father was also consecrated by local residents [29]. Every year, 300,000 tourists travel in 
the direction of speleotourism. But it should be said that only 1% of the caves in the Soviet Union 
were used for tourism purposes. Although speleotourism centers in Tashkent and Samarkand are 
operating, it is noted that there is no significant result in practice[7.27B.]. 
Caves in Uzbekistan every year "wild" tourists from different cities of the union doing what 
they like have had a negative effect on nature, especially caves[2.105B.]. Thus, irregular access to 
the caves caused great damage to their landscape. In order to solve the existing problem, Uzbekistan 
should declare the caves as natural monuments, the name and typological features of the cave, its 
geographical location, morphological structure, size [2.102B.], what kind of rocks it is made of, 
changes in the natural state of the cave, resistance of the cave to external influences, it is considered 
appropriate to provide information about the presence of water bodies in the cave and the 
formations in the cave. In Uzbekistan, the main work that can be used for tourism and other 
purposes is to equip them, that is, to install special corridors, staircases, bridges and lighting devices 

---