The ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic of uzbekistan
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Ω Underline the part of the words where are two or more consonant letters together. The first three are done for you. Number of consonant letters Number of consonant sounds Number of consonant letters Number of consonant sounds 1. blood 2. jump 3. ticket 4. tablet 5. dollar 6. chair 2 2 2 2 2 1 7. light 8. next 9. there 10. report 11. film 12. street 23 Consonant Clusters at the Beginning of Words. Ω 1. Repeat these words. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the sounds that are underlined. Write them down. Practise reading. 1. blue 2. bring 3. cloudy 4. cross 5. quite black bread clearly cry quietly blood Britain clean crash quickly blanket bridge clock crack quarter blouse brother clothes crisps question 6. played 7. practice please pronunciation plenty press plate pretty plug program 2. Repeat these words. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the sounds that are underlined. Write them down. Practise reading. 1. sleepy 2. start 3. try 4. spill 5. three slowly stamps trouble speaking through slim still tree sports throw slippery stand train spade thrillers slippers station trousers spelling throat Ω 3 Many English words end in the sound “n” followed by another consonant. Listen to these words. Some of them end either in the sounds [n]+[s], [n]+[t] or [n]+[d]. If they do, write them in the table. If they don’t, miss them out. The first three are done for you. [n]+[s] [n]+[t] [n]+[d] since want Friend Ω 4. Repeat the words in the box. Write down the transcription of the words. April library wardrobe Oslo apple – pie chocolate biscuits toaster December tape recorder hospital post office Bombay computer cornflakes bookshop October armchair bookshelf London Ω 5. In this unit you will practise some of the consonant clusters that are found when a word beginning with a consonant follows a word ending with a consonant. For example, in “breakfast cereal” 24 Match each word on the left with one of the words on the right. One is done for you. orange time film handed arrival music girl friend capital juice left television classical · city portable star Ω 6. Sometimes, when two or more consonant sounds occur together across words, one of the sounds changes its pronunciation or may even be nearly missed out. This happenes especially to [t] and [d]. Listen to these examples. Notice how the final [t] and [d] change. last – last Saturday just – just look next – next February and – and this 7. Repeat the rows of words and sentences after your teacher. [s ] [ ∫ ] [t] [ ʧ ] 1. S ue sh oe t oo ch ew 2. s ear sh eer t ear ch eer 3. s ip sh ip t ip ch ip 4. s in sh in t in ch in 5. ma ss ma sh ma t mat ch 6. Did Sue choose her new shoes ? [s] [ ʧ ] [ ∫ ] 7. There’s a chip on the tip of the ship . [ ʧ ] [t] [ ∫ ] 8. Cass paid cash for the catch of the day. [s] [ ∫ ] [ ʧ ] 9. Terry made a cherry pie for Sherry . [t] [ ʧ ] [ ∫ ] 10. She’s eating a cheese sandwich . [∫] [ ʧ ] [s] [ ʧ ] 11. It’s a good faith . It’s a good fate . It’s a good face . It’s a good phase . [ ] [t] [s] [z] 12. I went to Beth . I went to bet. I went to Bess. I went to bed. [ ] [t] [s] [d] 13. The raid is set. The rate is set. The race is set. The raise is set. [d] [t] [s] [z] 14. She began to ride. She began to write. She began to writhe. She began to rise. [d] [t] [ ð ] [z] 25 15. Don’t dip it. Don’t tip it. Don’t sip it. Don’t zip it. [d] [t] [s] [z] 16. I think there is zinc in the sink . [ ] [z] [s] 17. Did you pass Pat on the path. [s] [t] [ ] 18. Seth said to set the table. [ ] [d] [t] 19. Dan is older than Stan. [d] [ ð ] [s] 20. Sue is due at the zoo at two. [s] [d] [z] [t] Questions for Discussion 1. Classify the consonants. 2. What are occlusive consonants? 3. What are constrictive consonants? 4. Classify the consonants according to the point of articulation. 5. What is the distinction between a vowel and a consonant sound? 6. Explain the general principles of classification of consonants. SELF – TEST There are three answers after each question. Only one is correct. Choose the correct answer. 1. How many consonant phonemes are there in English? a) 24 b) 22 c) 26 2. Find the nasal consonants: a) [m], [n], [ŋ] b) [m], [n], [l] c) [m], [p], [s] 3. Find the line with plosive consonants: a) bomb, tomb, nose b) pot, plot, bottom c) wind, kind, wise 4. Find the line with fricative consonants: a) press, cream, garden b) life, bush, dress c) black, bag, vast 5. Find the line with alveolar consonants: a) daddy, lily, tent b) camp, letter, brick c) bridge, lamp, deaf 26 6. The first word in each of the following pairs begins with the sound [r]. Write a letter in the blank before the second word to form a new [r]-consonant-blend word. Example: ride bride 1. read _read 6. right _right 2. rip _rip 7. ream _ream 3. row _row 8. rain _rain 4. rash _rash 9. room _room 5. round _round 10. race _race 7. Pronounce the words in each of the following groups. Write the number and corresponding phonetic symbol for the sound common to each list of words at the top of the column. Pronunciation Key: 1. = [ ʃ ] as in shoe 4. = [ ʤ ] as in jam 2. = [ ʧ ] as in chair 5. = [j] as in you 3. = [ Ʒ ] as in beige 6. = [z] as in zoo Example: __ 1__ [ ʃ ] shop shore shout show 1. ____ [ ] 5. ____ [ ] 9. ____ [ ] onion Russia cute union tension yawn million passion amuse billion mission senior 2. ____ [ ] 6. ____ [ ] 10. ____ [ ] chef agent ridge chute Egypt angel chic soldier suggest chiffon college general 3. ____ [ ] 7. ____ [ ] 11. ____ [ ] nature chief vision picture catch rouge capture question garage furniture ketchup pleasure 4. ____ [ ] 8. ____ [ ] 12. ____ [ ] division rose season occasion sneeze bugs explosion eyes husband television cousin zone 27 Chapter II The Articulatory Processes Unit 4. Assimilation. Aspiration Assimilation. Two adjacent consonants within a word or at word boundaries often influence each other in such a way that the articulation of one sound becomes similar to or even identical with the articulation of the other one. This phenomenon is called assimilation. In assimilation the consonant whose articulation is modified under the influence of a neighbouring consonant is called the Yüklə 5,06 Kb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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