expressed repeatedly. He wrote of his contemporaries, “I understand nothing of engineering,
but I know that engineers are the greatest architects and the most pictorial builders since the
Greeks.” Where some observers saw only utility, Pennell saw also beauty, if not in form then at
least in scale. He felt he was not only rendering a concrete subject but also conveying through
his drawings the impression that it made on him. Pennell called the sensation that he felt
before a great construction project ‘The Wonder of Work”. He saw engineering as a process.
That process is memorialized in every completed dam, skyscraper, bridge, or other great
achievement of engineering.
H
If Pennell experienced the wonder of work in the aggregate, Lewis Hine focused on the
individuals who engaged in the work. Hine was trained as a sociologist but became best
known as a photographer who exposed the exploitation of children. His early work
documented immigrants passing through Ellis Island, along with the conditions in the New York
tenements where they lived and the sweatshops where they worked. Upon returning to New
York, he was given the opportunity to record the construction of the Empire State Building,
which resulted in the striking photographs that have become such familiar images of daring
and insouciance. He put his own life at risk to capture workers suspended on cables hundreds
of feet in the air and sitting on a high girder eating lunch. To engineers today, one of the most
striking features of these photos, published in 1932 in Men at Work, is the absence of safety
lines and hard hats. However, perhaps more than anything, the photos evoke Pennell’s “The
Wonder of Work” and inspire admiration for the bravery and skill that bring a great engineering
project to completion.
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