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3.4 Iron deficiency
The most common mineral deficiency in pregnant women is of iron, and iron deficiency
anaemia is the most common type of anaemia in this group (haemoglobin < 110 g/L), which
may have serious consequences for the mother and the newborn. Anaemia before conception
and during the early stages of pregnancy is associated with impaired fetal development,
premature birth and low birth weight. Systemic iron deficiency is more common in obese
women than in women of normal weight, possibly because of low dietary iron intake, a greater
requirement for iron and/or impaired uptake of iron by obese individuals. An important means
of reducing anaemia in newborns is to delay cord clamping.
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