Science 29, no. 5, 815–27.
the Kit Kat tune:
Details about Kit Kat’s history came from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit_Kat
. Details about the coffee campaign
came from an interview with Colleen Chorak on February 9, 2012.
one of the top ten “earworms”:
Details about the “Give me a Break” song
being an earworm came from Kellaris, James (2003), “Dissecting
Earworms: Further Evidence on the ‘Song-Stuck-in-Your Head’
Phenomenon,” presentation to the Society for Consumer Psychology. See
also
http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/news/20030227/songs-stick-
in-everyones-head
.
ideas also have habitats:
Berger, Jonah, and Chip Heath (2005), “Idea
Habitats: How the Prevalence of Environmental Cues Influences the
Success of Ideas,” Cognitive Science 29, no. 2, 195–221.
an experiment we conducted with BzzAgent and Boston Market:
Berger and
Schwartz, “What Drives Immediate and Ongoing Word-of-Mouth?” 869–
80.
“Bob,
I’ve
got
emphysema”:
See
http://no-
smoke.org/images/02_Bob_14x48.jpg
.
the poison parasite:
Cialdini, Robert B., Petia Petrova, Linda Demaine,
Daniel Barrett, Brad Sagarin, Jon Manner, and Kelton Rhoads (2005),
“The Poison Parasite Defense: A Strategy for Sapping a Stronger
Opponent’s Persuasive Strength,” University of Arizona working paper.
Anheuser-Busch revised the slogan:
Cialdini, Robert B. (2001), Influence:
Science and Practice (Needham Heights, Mass.: Allyn & Bacon).
Poke too many holes:
Information about the fan effect can be found in
Anderson, John R. (1974), “Retrieval of Propositional Information from
Long-term Memory,” Cognitive Psychology 6, 451–74; and Anderson,
John R. (1983), The Architecture of Cognition (Cambridge, Mass.:
Harvard University Press).
out spills fat:
To see the Department of Health’s campaign in action, visit
http://jonahberger.com
.
products associated with the color orange:
Berger and Fitzsimons, “Dogs
on the Street,” 1–14.
you’ll notice a neat pattern:
Thanks to Scott A. Golder for providing these
data.
3. Emotion
schlieren photography:
Grady’s article about the cough can be found at
Grady, Denise (2008), “The Mysterious Cough, Caught on Film,” New
York
Times,
October
27;
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/28/science/28cough.html
. The New
England Journal of Medicine article on which her piece is based is Tang,
Julian W., and Gary S. Settles (2008), “Coughing and Aerosols,” New
England Journal of Medicine 359, 15.
That doesn’t really tell us much:
Not surprisingly, external factors like
where an article was featured also correlated with whether an article
made the list. Articles that appeared on the front page of the physical
newspaper were shared more than those placed inside. Articles featured
at the top of the Times home page were shared more than those buried
several clicks into the website. Articles written by U2’s Bono or former
senator Bob Dole were shared more often than articles written by less
famous authors. But these relationships are neither that surprising nor that
helpful. Buying a Super Bowl ad or hiring Bono will help increase the
chance that content gets viewed and shared. Most people, however, don’t
have the funding or personal connections to make those things happen.
Instead, we focused on aspects of the content itself that were linked to
sharing.
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