Part Read the text. Fill in each gap with one word. You must use a word which is somewhere in the rest of the text

Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.
Q21. According to paragraph C, what does Professor Neil Armstrong concern about?
A. Spending more time on TV affect academic level B. Parents have less time stay with their children C. The amount of P.E lessons in various countries.
D. Increasing speed of property‟s development


Q22. What does Armstrong indicate in Paragraph B?
A. We need to take a 10 minute walk everyday
B. We should do more activity to exercise heart
C. Girls‟ situation is better than boys
D. Exercise can cure many disease


Q23. What is aim of Fit Kids’ training?
A. Make profit by running several sessions
B. Only concentrate on one activity for each child
C. To guide parents how to organize activities for children
D. Spread the idea that team sport is better


Q24. What did Lifshitz suggest in the end of this passage?
A. Create opportunities to exercise your body
B. Taking elevator saves your time
C. Kids should spend more than 200 calories each day
D. We should never drive but walk

For questions 25-29, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in the text. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.


25. According to Neil Armstrong inactive children may have problem in the future.
A) True B) False C) No Information


26. According to Neil Armstrong 40 percent of girls suffer from obesity.
A) True B) False C) No Information


27. Majority of children never have enough essential skills for team games.
A) True B) False C) No Information


28. Thin children never complain about their health and eyesight.
A) True B) False C) No Information


29. Riding a bicycle on regular basis is sometimes harmful for heart.
A) True B) False C) No Information
Part 5.

Brick by brick, six-year-old Alice is building a magical kingdom. Imagining fairy-tale turrets and fire-breathing dragons, wicked witches and gallant heroes, she‟s creating an enchanting world. Although she isn‟t aware of it, this fantasy is helping her take her first steps towards her capacity for creativity and so it will have important repercussions in her adult life.Minutes later, Alice has abandoned the kingdom in favour of playing schools with her younger brother. When she bosses him around as his „teacher‟, she‟s practising how to regulate her emotions through pretence. Later on, when they tire of this and settle down with a board game, she‟s learning about the need to follow rules and take turns with a partner.„Play in all its rich variety is one of the highest achievements of the human species,‟ says Dr David Whitebread from the Faculty of Education at the University of Cambridge, UK. „It underpins how we develop as intellectual, problem-solving adults and is crucial to our success as a highly adaptable species.‟Recognising the importance of play is not new: over two millennia ago, the Greek philosopher Plato extolled its virtues as a means of developing skills for adult life, and ideas about play-based learning have been developing since the 19th century.

But we live in changing times, and Whitebread is mindful of a worldwide decline in play, pointing out that over half the people in the world now live in cities. „The opportunities for free play, which I experienced almost every day of my childhood, are becoming increasingly scarce,‟ he says.Outdoor play is curtailed by perceptions of risk to do with traffic, as well as parents‟ increased wish to protect their children from being the victims of crime, and by the emphasis on „earlier is better‟ which is leading to greater competition in academic learning and schools. International bodies like the United Nations and the European Union have begun to develop policies concerned with children‟s right to play, and to consider implications for leisure facilities and educational programmes. But what they often lack is the evidence to base policies on.
„The type of play we are interested in is child-initiated, spontaneous and unpredictable – but, as soon as you ask a five-year-old “to play”, then you as the researcher have intervened,‟ explains Dr Sara Baker. „And we want to know what the long-term impact of play is. It‟s a real challenge.‟Dr Jenny Gibson agrees, pointing out that although some of the steps in the puzzle of how and why play is important have been looked at, there is very little data on the impact it has on the child‟s later life.Now, thanks to the university‟s new Centre for Research on Play in Education, Development and Learning (PEDAL), Whitebread, Baker, Gibson and a team of researchers hope to provide evidence on the role played by play in how a child develops.
„A strong possibility is that play supports the early development of children‟s self control,‟ explains Baker. „This is our ability to develop awareness of our own thinking processes – it influences how effectively we go about undertaking challenging activities.‟In a study carried out by Baker with toddlers and young pre-schoolers, she found that children with greater self-control solved problems more quickly when exploring an unfamiliar set-up requiring scientific reasoning. „This sort of evidence makes us think that giving children the chance to play will make them more successful problemsolvers in the long run.‟If playful experiences do facilitate this aspect of development, say the researchers, it could be extremely significant for educational practices, because the ability to self regulate has been shown to be a key predictor of academic performance.
Gibson adds: „Playful behaviour is also an important indicator of healthy social and emotional development. In my previous research, I investigated how observing children at play can give us important clues about their well-being and can even be useful in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.‟Whitebread‟s recent research has involved developing a play-based approach to supporting children‟s writing. „Many primary school children find writing difficult, but we showed in a previous study that a playful stimulus was far more effective than an instructional one.‟ Children wrote longer and better-structured stories when they first played with dolls representing characters in the story. In the latest study, children first created their story with Lego *, with similar results. „Many teachers commented that they had always previously had children saying they didn‟t know what to write about.
With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this through the whole year of the project.‟Whitebread, who directs PEDAL, trained as a primary school teacher in the early 1970s, when, as he describes, „the teaching of young children was largely a quiet backwater, untroubled by any serious intellectual debate or controversy.‟ Now, the landscape is very different, with hotly debated topics such as school starting age. „Somehow the importance of play has been lost in recent decades. It‟s regarded as something trivial, or even as something negative that contrasts with “work”. Let‟s not lose sight of its benefits, and the fundamental contributions it makes to human achievements in the arts, sciences and technology. Let‟s make sure children have a rich diet of play experiences.‟ Lego: coloured plastic building blocks and other pieces that can be joined together.