Power Blackout Risks
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impacts:
• In France 5 million customers were cut-off. • In Germany millions of customers were affected and in Belgium, Netherlands, Italy and Spain some hundreds of thousands of customers were without electricity. • Long delays in rail transport, affecting about 100 trains mainly in Germany. • Subway had to be evacuated. • Costs to restaurants and bars in spoiled products and lost sales totalled up to USD 139 m. 20 Project Understand, White Paper on Security of European Electricity Distribution, 20.6.2007 (http://www.understand.se/docs/White_Paper_EN.doc) 21 http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/07/110 22 Final Report System Disturbance on 4 November 2006 23 http://www.worldenergy.org/focus/blackouts/393.asp 29 crobriefing on Power Blackout Risks nuclear catastropHe following an eartHquake and tsunami triggered station blackout, Japan 2011 24/25/26 The complete power supply cut off of the nuclear power plant in Fukushima Dai-Ichi, Japan in March 2011 led to severe damages in the reactor units 1, 2 and 3 and resulted in significant emissions of radiation into the atmosphere. The tsunami which flooded the emergency diesel generators caused the on-site power blackout so that the operator was unable to keep the cooling systems running. This power outage is a so called station blackout (SBO). The impact was tremendous: • Fukushima is rated as serious as the Chernobyl catastrophe – magnitude 7 event, the worst on the international nuclear event scale though Fukushima released only 5 to 10% of the radiation released by Chernobyl. • Mandatory evacuation zone for all residents within 20 km. • Voluntary evacuation of all residents between 20 and 30 km. • Agricultural products including milk and vegetables from the region got contaminated. • Decades will be required for cleanup and containment. • Estimates on reinsurers’ share of losses from the Japan disaster could be between USD 20 bn and USD 30 bn out of the disaster’s total gross loss estimated at USD 40 bn to USD 65 bn. These estimated losses would exceed the 20 bn to USD 25 bn in losses ceded to reinsurers from the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and the USD 18 bn to USD 24 bn incurred by reinsurers from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. As a consequence of the earthquake and tsunami three other nuclear plants, six coal-fired plants and 11 oil-fired power plants were shut down. This is 11 percent of Japan’s total power. As a consequence factories had to operate at reduced levels, which will have a significant impact on Japans’ economy. JPMorgan Securities Japan estimates that the country’s gross domestic product will shrink in the second quarter by about 3% on an annualised basis, with about half of that decline resulting from the power shortage. 24 http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2011/lochbaum300311.html 25 http://perspectives.mvdirona.com/2011/05/31/WhatWentWrongAtFukushimaDai1.aspx 26 http://www.insurereinsure.com/?entry=3533 picture alliance/dpa 30 |