Conclusion
o protect and extend American global leadership in the 21st century, the U.S.
must combine two separate but convergent missions: pursuing a quantum
computer, while simultaneously securing its information networks using
quantum cybersecurity. It is imperative that the United States make its most sensitive
information quantum-secure well in advance of the predicted timeline for a quantum
computer attack, whether that information resides in the private or the public sector.
U.S. competitors, particularly China and Russia, are making noticeable strides in
quantum technology, including computers, sensors, and cybersecurity. The United
States must maintain its lead in computing and take significant steps to overtake
China in quantum cybersecurity, particularly quantum cryptography, by promoting
and adopting an integrated layered approach to quantum-safe cybersecurity.
In addition, the United States must work on these technologies in conjunction with its
closest allies, especially the Five Eyes, as they are currently leading the way in
quantum cybersecurity. At the same time, in the current global security environment,
America needs to systematically curtail quantum-technology cooperation with
competitors.
Finally, to remain secure and globally competitive in the long term, the U.S. must
educate its workforce about the implications of quantum technology and prepare
employers and employees in academia and the private and public sectors to develop
and utilize quantum technology. Equally importantly, Americans need to find ways to
build “thinking quantum” into STEM curricula and workforce training in preparation
for the quantum revolution.
Just as Sputnik in 1958 compelled the United States and its government to think
seriously about the importance of scientific and technological leadership (and
ultimately enabled it to win the Cold War and travel to the moon), so, too, does
America need to get serious about the quantum revolution’s risks and opportunities,
before a competitor seizes the lead in a similarly spectacular way.
Because by then it will be too late.
It is time for America’s leaders, and the public, to understand the stakes of quantum
computing. What is unfolding every day at corporate, university, and government
laboratories around the world is more than a scientific advance of enormous
proportions and consequences; it will also determine the geopolitics of the future.
In the end, the Manhattan Project did not just win a world war; it secured the future
for American leadership and the security of the free world in the atomic age. In the
quantum age, the stakes will be at least as vital—and the consequences of losing the
quantum race, nearly as catastrophic.
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Quantum Computing: How to Address the National Security Risk
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