by enzyme treatment with the following enzymes (Sigma):
pronase (11.4 U/mg), proteinase K (45 U/mg), and trypsin
(10.6 U/mg) at final concentration of 1 mg/mL in 20 mM
phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The supernatants were incu-
bated with these enzymes at 37
◦
C for 2 h. Each solu-
tion was further tested against
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
340 in the presence of negative controls such as the initial
antimicrobial supernatant and the buffered enzyme solu-
tions of each enzyme. The supernatants were examined for
their sensitivity to lipolytic and amylolytic enzymes, by li-
pase (E.C. 3.1.1.3) type VII from
Candida rugosa (Sigma,
50 U/mg) and
α-amylase (E.C. 3.2.1.1.) type II-A from
Bacillus species (Sigma, 15 U/mg), respectively, at a final
concentration of 1 mg/mL in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). Re-
maining activity was determined by a well diffusion assay.
Untreated samples were used as controls.
pH and heat stability of the BLIS
Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS)-containing
cell-free supernatants were adjusted to different pH val-
ues, ranging from 2.0 to 12.0, with 5 N HCl or 1 N NaOH.
After 1 h of incubation at 37
◦
C, the pH was adjusted to 6.5
and the residual activity was tested as described earlier.
Sensitivity to heat was tested by heating cell-free super-
natant samples to different temperatures and testing the
residual activity after 10, 15, 30, and 60 min by the agar
diffusion assay.
Kinetics of BLIS production
In order to determinate the time course of BLIS production
10 mL of an overnight culture of LAB strains was inocu-
lated into 100 mL of MRS broth then incubated at 30 and
37
◦
C under non-regulated pH condition. At appropriate in-
tervals the growth of cells was monitored by measuring the
turbidity (optical density at 620 nm) and pH. Samples were
removed at 2-h intervals and the neutralized cell-free su-
pernatants were tested for antimicrobial activity measured
as diameter of clear zone.
Results
Screening of LAB from cheeses for antimicrobial
compound production
Two kinds of cheeses (Motal and Brunza) were initially
screened for antimicrobial compound production against
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