Strategy of the development of the government in the

 
 
 
 
 
 

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2.2. Lexical-semantic features of legal texts in the Uzbek language  
As we mentioned in the previous chapters, the analysis of legal texts is 
considered very important for Uzbek linguistics. Therefore, first of all, it is 
necessary to learn about the concept of "text". Only after that, it becomes easier for 
us to get information about the meanings of any texts, in other words, about their 
lexical-semantic properties. 
In the language, each element has its own function, scope of meaning, laws of 
connection with other elements and units. A writer who is perfectly aware of these 
laws and has a high sense of words and skills can create unique images, 
unexpected, beautiful artistic pictures. Then the reader becomes a prisoner not only 
of the idea of the work, but also of its beautiful language. In this, various artistic 
and aesthetic meanings assigned to them based on linguistic and artistic laws play a 
decisive role, based on the selection, sorting and polishing of units that are 
extremely suitable for the artistic image in the national language. 
If a word is a unit of language, then a text is a unit of communication 
(communication, exchange of ideas). Words have a specific meaning, and texts 
have a specific content. Knowing the meanings of words, the student understands 
them from the context, i.e. creates certain contents in his imagination. 
Understanding the meaning and contents means understanding the text. 
The subject of lexico-semantic analysis is the word, or rather the lexeme, taken 
as the realization of all its possible forms. At the same time, the researcher is not 
interested in the word itself, but in its meaning in terms of typology and 
implementation features. 
The question of the semantics of the word remains one of the problematic in 
linguistics. Meaning is studied by semasiology, semiotics, lexicology, and each 
branch contributes to the understanding of this term. 
From the point of view of semiotics, meaning is considered as the property of a 
linguistic sign to perform a denoting function, that is, to call an object or concept 
extralinguistic reality. 

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From the point of view of lexicology, meaning is the content of a language unit, 
fixed in dictionaries in abstraction from a specific context and maximally 
generalized. 
Semasiology considers meaning as a category that has a multicomponent 
structure, consisting of a number of minimal meaningful units - semes, forming a 
single semantics.
The translator must not only keep the meaning of the original legal text, but also 
construct sentences so that native speakers can understand. In this respect, the 
problem of equivalence in translation appears in a new light. Different scholars 
define different degrees of textual equivalence in the original and in the translation 
of the text. Most of them argue that equivalence must be considered at the lexical 
and grammatical level, but their opinions differ. It is important to take into account 
the higher levels (text level, cultural level, etc.). Equivalence at these levels 
produces the same pragmatic effect on the receiver of the information as the 
original text. 
Not only the knowledge of legal terminology, the judicial system and procedures 
as well as legal standards, but also the personal qualities of the translator, who is 
not only bilingual, but also has the ability to reproduce the context. cultural context 
of the original text, which plays an essential role in the understanding of the text by 
representatives of other countries. Scientists must feel the cultural, lexical and 
semantic characteristics of the translated text because language is not an isolated 
subject. It is part of the culture while translation is not only a language substitution 
but also a functional replacement of cultural factors. 
When a specialist begins to translate from Uzbek to English, he begins by 
converting the lexical and semantic features of the text at the level of a separate 
sentence in the form of minimal speech. However, it is not a grammatically correct 
sentence. It is a phrase that coincides in a form and is introduced into a particular 

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speech situation and has a specific communicative task. Therefore, emphasis is 
placed on the communicative point of view of the proposal. It is the segmentation 
that really fulfills the communication function, conveys information and affects the 
choice of grammatical and semantic structure, the way to build sentences. 
When a person translates a legal text from Uzbek to English, he may follow a 
continuous trend that certain lexical and semantic features prevail over others. If it 
is possible to analyze the quantitative ratio of the lexical transformations used, one 
can notice a tendency to reject during the translation of some semantically 
redundant words that have no significant semantic meaning. 
The peculiarity of translation of legal documents lies primarily in the presence in 
the source language of well-established, narrowly defined terms and expressions. 
The terms of the functional, structural and semantic features of legal terminology 
allow us to derive the following definition. A legal term is a word or phrase used in 
the operation of the legal subclass of the formal business language style, 
expressing the main concept of the legal standard, having a clear semantic 
boundary, limited opportunities and habits.
At the same time, as experts note, the biggest difficulties are due to the fact that 
“translation is not a real legal term registered in the language system of 
explanatory and translation dictionaries and reference books.”, and units of the 
lexical and semantic linguistic system”, whose meaning in specific legal 
documents is determined by the linguistic and cultural context. A quality 
translation implies respect for the lexical and semantic characteristics of the text. 
Because the development of the new society being built on the basis of 
democratic principles in Uzbekistan is determined by the rule of law. When the 
issue is put in this way, the perfect knowledge of the legal language is not only the 
task of lawyers, but it becomes a life requirement for all members of the society to 
be properly aware of it. Why is that? Because a citizen who is aware of the 
contents of legal documents recognizes his rights, understands well which part of 
his activity is in line with the interests of the society and the people, the current 

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laws and regulations. Therefore, he builds his life on this basis. For this, he realizes 
that he must know the language in which legal documents are formalized. 
So, what tasks should we perform to achieve the perfection of the written legal 
language? We will find the answer to this question from the views of well-known 
Uzbek jurists. First of all, it is necessary to create a unified system of Uzbek legal 
terms, to achieve uniformity in the use and understanding of these terms in all 
directions. For this, lawyers and linguists should work together, scientifically 
analyze the formation of legal terms in the period after independence, and create 
perfect dictionaries. 
Before independence, Russian language words were used in the legislation of 
our country. After independence, as a result of re-drafting of legislation, many 
Russian words used in laws were replaced by Uzbek words. 
It should be noted that when translating legal texts into Uzbek, their lexical 
semantic features and the meanings of each used word should be taken into 
account. Because an alternative translation of a word that has a certain meaning in 
one language has a completely different meaning in another language, or a very 
general or very specific meaning, it can change the meaning of the law. 
For this reason, it is important to study the lexical-semantic meanings of legal 
texts in each language. 
The law determines the criteria for choosing a word based on its signs and 
characteristics. The new law does not allow the use of different words in the 
language, such as new similes, metaphors, litotes, revitalization 
Because in the language of the law, one thing does not add to the other, 
comparison, does not add meaning, therefore, poetic lexis, emotional, expressives 
are not used. Slang or the lexicon of the law is grouped differently by scholars are 
grouped as follows: 
1. Universal lexicon 
2. Phraseological lexicon 
3. Terms 

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47 
In the language of law, common words are widely used. It is natural that this 
happens because the lexical language of the law is not appropriate. All citizens of 
the country apply to it, not to experts, but to one or another, the law is drawn up 
taking into account the perception of the public after the language aspect. These 
are the necessary actions to ensure the priority of continuous communication 
between the law and the society meaning, it is necessary to have a high weight in 
the language of the law 
In order to determine the specific features of the lexicon of the legal language, in 
the research, the common usages of the legal language are analyzed by adjective 
pronoun verb word groups 
In order to determine the specific characteristics of the quality of the legal 
language, the used words of the legal language are analyzed according to parts of 
speech. And in Uzbek legal text nouns are mostly used like shaxs, ish, qonun,