Tezislər / Theses

 
 
 
OFFSHORE WIND AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION 
Sakit Sultanov; Aydin Shirinov 
Baku Higher Oil School 
Baku, Azerbaijan 
 [e-mail]; [e-mail] 
Supervisor: Siyavush Azakov 
Keywords: 
Offshore Wind Energy, Green Hydrogen, Water Electrolysis 
Due to the changing supply of energy, as more renewable energy is linked 
to the grid, new issues emerge. Consequently, developing new means of 
storing and transporting energy is essential. When it comes to energy 
transition and storage, Hydrogen can be a real game-changer produced in a 
climate-neutral way due to the fact that it has a far higher energy density 
compared to batteries. Moreover, it is significantly able to reduce CO2 
emissions far beyond the electricity sector. Hydrogen is explosive but due to 
its lightness, it evaporates quickly. The potential of hydrogen has been 
recognized by a number of companies in several countries. As an advantage 

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THE 3
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 INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES OF STUDENTS AND YOUNG RESEARCHERS 
dedicated to the 99
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of hydrogen, it has been used in industrial processes for a long time, thus being 
easy to handle. 
However, nowadays, hydrogen production mainly depends on fossil 
fuels which cause a large emission of CO2. Nevertheless, this problem has 
been handled by the method of using renewable energies to produce 
hydrogen (No CO2 emission). Consuming electricity energy from wind farms, 
solar parks, or runoff river plants in so-called Power to Gas plants to produce 
hydrogen. The technology used is water electrolysis. This process is a 
chemical reaction, direct current at an anode and cathode splits water into 
hydrogen and oxygen. Both gases are separated, dried, and then ready for 
its use. It is a mature technology and commercially available on small scale. 
Hydrogen produced by this process has the same features as kerosene or 
diesel, but it is carbon neutral.
Taking into account that considerable growth and technological 
developments have been observed in the sector of offshore wind, hydrogen is 
capable of being mingled with offshore wind energy so as to help overcome 
challenges namely, the losses of transmission and high electrical transmission 
system installation costs. Hydrogen can be a significant solution to the problem 
of energy storage, where energy is generated by transportable fuel cells of 
green hydrogen when it is needed within a carbon-dioxide-free process. 
Roughly 5% of the electricity of the world is generated by wind power, with the 
majority of installations taking place on land. Nonetheless, wind with higher 
speed and consistency can be observed offshore, which contributes to an 
increase in the energy production per each wind turbine installed. The 
downsides include technical issues and increased costs because of the harsh 
sea conditions. The main challenge is the transportation of the electricity back 
to shore, traditional AC (alternating current) power cables have larger 
capacitance and consequently greater energy losses than overhead lines 
while more recent High Voltage Direct Current systems remain costly since 
the power converters are required at each end of the transmission line. Given 
that gas transportation in a pipeline suffers far fewer losses (0.1%) than 
electricity traveling through an underwater wire, a case can be made for 
producing hydrogen offshore and transporting it to shore via pipelines. An 
offshore pipeline costs more per unit length than an offshore cable from an 
economic standpoint. The energy transmission capacity of the pipeline, on the 
other hand, is greater than that of the cable, resulting in cheaper normalized 
pipeline capital expenditures when compared to a comparable offshore 
electrical cable to transport the same energy.
As a result, it is considered to be a more beneficial and eco-friendlier 
way of generating energy for the humanity and environment. Since these two 
renewable sources seem to be doing well together, the world should take 
advantage of this opportunity. 

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