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This tree shows the traditional division of Germanic
into East, North, and West,
however the relationship between East and North Germanic and the principle
branches of West Germanic leads many scholars to divide all Germanic into five
equal-weight branches (clockwise from the north): North, East, Elbe, Rhine-Weser,
and North Sea Germanic. Elbe Germanic corresponds roughly with High German;
Rhine-Weser
with Low Germanic; and North Sea with Anglo-Frisian Germanic.
Wanderings of the Germanic tribes, especially during the Völkerwanderung period
(400-700 CE), permitted much mixing of the dialects.
About 80 percent of Germanic roots are non-Indo-European.
Living Germanic
Languages
Afrikaans
Danish
Dutch-Flemish
English
Faroese
Frisian
High German
Gutnish
Icelandic
Low German
Norwegian
Swedish
Yiddish
Extinct Germanic Languages
Bastarnae
Burgundian
Frankish
Gothic
Herulian
Lombardic
Norn
Rugian
Scirian
Vandalic
Gothic
Gothic was the East Germanic language of the Germanic speaking people who
migrated from southern Scania (southern Sweden) to the Ukraine. From there the
West and East Goths migrated to southern Gaul, Iberia, and Italy in the fifth and
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sixth centuries C. E. The Gepids were overcome by the Lombards and Avars in the
fifth century and disappeared.
Gothic is recorded in translations of parts of the bible
into West Gothic in the
fourth century C. E. and by names.
Gothic is extinct. The last Gothic speakers reported were in the Crimea in the
sixteenth century C. E.
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