Umwitwarariko ku bijanye n’ukwandura imigera y’indwara ku bana bakiri bato Integuro y’icigwa

ivyigwa1-6 vy’imbere n’inyuma y’ibibazo

Ibibazo bibiri bijanye na buri cigwa bishikirijwe ngaho musi. Imbere n’inyuma yo kwigisha ibi vyigwa ku bakozi no ku bigisha, tanga akabazo ko guherezako kugira ngo urabe urugero batahuyeko. Ku baronse ibice 75% canke batabikwije (boba bafise n’iburiburi inyishu icenda z’ukuri), ongera ubahe izindi nyigisho kugira ngo ubafashe gutahura ivyigishijwe. Abigisha nabo ntibogerageza kwigisha abandi mu gihe nabo nyene boba batarashobora kuronka 75% canke kubirenza.

1. Ni ibihe bimenyetso muri ibi bikwirikira vyerekana ko ari umwumumira?

a. Kurira ata mosozi, umubiri ukweduka no kubabara mu mushishito

b. Gusambagirika,mu ruhorihori haravoba,arakorora kenshi

c.Umubiri uwukweze umara amasegonda menshi ukiri kwa kundi,umwana ntaryama,kandi aguma afise ibiseru.

d. Kurira ntagire amosozi,umubiri uwukweze uguma kwa kundi imisegonda myinshi,mu ruhorihori haguma hadidagizwa.

2. Birashoboka kwikingira ugukama amazi? Tora inyishu ibereye (imwe gusa).

a. Ego,umuvyeyi arashobora gusubiriza amazi yakamye mu mubiri.

b.Oya, igihe umwana arwaye gucibwamwo ca akama amazi.

c. Oya, gukama amazi ni ibisanzwe iyo umwana ariko arakura.

d. Ego, ariko bisaba umuti utanzwe na muganga.

3. Wovanga n’amazi angina gute agapaki kamwe k’ivyunyunyu?

______________________________________

4. Ni ibihe muri ibi bifungurwa bikurikira mutoha umwana akiri muto mu gihe acibwamwo canke adahwa?

1. 
   Inyama zisekuye canke ziseye be n’indagara
   
2. 
   Amaberebere
   
3. 
   Ibiyoba n’inzuzi
   
4. 
   Isupu n’umusururu
   
5. 
   Irengarenga n’imikerera
   

5. Umwana arwaye yari akwiye kuronswa utwuzango n’amaberebere kangahe? Tora inyishu ibereye (imwe gusa).

1. 
   Ku musi wa mbere n’uwa kabiri w’indwara be n’imisi ibiri ya mbere umwana yakize.
   
2. 
   Mu misi itatu umwana yakize.
   
3. 
   Buri musi wose igihe umwana arwaye n’amayinga abiri umwana yarakize.
   
4. 
   Buri musi igihe umwana arwaye
   

6. Nivyo canke Sivyo. Guhimiriza umwana gufungura yaba ashonje canke adashonje birakingira gufungura nabi kandi bigatuma umwana agira amagara meza.

7. Vuga ibintu bibiri vyerekana ibimnyetso biboneka vyo gucibwamwo.

1. 
   ________________________________________
   
2. 
   ________________________________________
   

8. Igihe umwana arembejwe no gucibwamwo,womuha umuti uwuhe?

a.Umuti yandikiwe na muganga,ivyunyunyu canke zinc.

b.Umuti mponyamigera

c. Imfungurwa ndemamubiri (inyama, amagi n’ifi)

d.Ifu y’amakara

9.Vuga ibimenyetso bibiri biboneka vy’umusonga(indwara yo mu gikaraza)

1. 
   ________________________________________
   
2. 
   ________________________________________
   

10. Muri ibi bikorwa vyose bikurikira birakinga imigera itera indwara yo mu gikaraza kiretse kimwe. Tora igikorwa kimwe kidashobora gukinga umusonga (imigera y’indwara itera igikaraza)?

a. Kugabanya kunywera itabi mu nzu

b. Kwonsa vyonyene

c. Gukaraba n’isabuni

D.kunywa inzoga

11. Ni ibihe muri ibi bikwirikira vyerekana ingene batera inzuzi?

1. 
   Gutera imbuto mw’ibundi riri mw’itongo ryuzuya amazi.
   
2. 
   Gutera inzuzi ku murongo,ukagira intambuko imwe hagati y’imbuto n’iyindi.Gufuka n’akamwanya.
   
3. 
   Gutera inzuzi ntuje indani kure mw’ivu hanyuma ugaca ufuka n’ubwatsi canke n’ibihunda .
   
4. 
   Kunuga inzuzi zishika nka 10 mw’ivu. Kumemerako umwavu wo muri nyabarega ku nzuzi ugaca ufuka n’ivyatsi.
   

12. Ni ibihe muri ibi bikwirikira bitemewe?

1. 
   Kwongeramwo umusoma ku musururu.
   
2. 
   Gukata umwungu mu gihe woroshe kandi utanguye gusa n’umuhondo.
   
3. 
   Gukaranga inzuzi z’utwuzango ku bagore bibungenze n’abonsa.
   
4. 
   Gutabira umurima n’umwavu wa nyabarega.
   

1^See http://barrieranalysis.fhi.net for more information.

2^Mu nteguro ya Tubaramure,abakozi bahembwa bitwa imboneza. Igikorwa c’imboneza ni ukumenyereza abavyeyi b’abaremeshakiyago kworohereza inyigisho ku babanyi babo. Ku myimenyerezo mikeyi berekanye aho hejuru hari imboneza gusa kandi ntibashaka gukoreshwa n’imboneza mu baremeshakiyago mu gihe bariko barasangira n’ababanyi.

3^Perceived severity is a behavioral determinant in barrier analysis. Use this lesson and discussion questions to increase the understanding of the severity of dehydration for children. For more information, seewww.barrieranalysis.com.

4^Enquête de base 2010 du Programme Tubaramure – PM2A. BUJUMBURA, Juillet 2010. Page 58.

5^USAID, UNICEF, WHO, p 19.

6^These exercises have been adapted from Freedom from Hunger’s Diarrhea – Its Management and Prevention Facilitator’s Guide(2003).

7^Action efficacy is a determinant in barrier analysis. Use this lesson and discussion questions to increase the belief in the effectiveness of ORS to prevent dehydration and speed recovery. For more information, see www.barrieranalysis.com.

8^Source: King, F.S.; burgess, A.: Nutrition for Developing countries 2^nd ed. Oxford Univ. Press, 1996. Page 161.

9^ Baseline Report page 42. Of the children who had blood in their diarrhea, how many received SRO (45%).

10^WHO/UNICEF Joint Statement.Clinical Management of Acute Diarrhoea. 2004. Available: http://www.childinfo.org/files/ENAcute_Diarrhoea_reprint.pdf

11^Baseline Report page 49.

12^The Treatment of Diarrhoea: A manual for Physicians and Other Senior Health Workers. WHO;2005. Available: http://www.who.int/child_adolescent_health/documents/.

13^Positive attribute is a behavioral determinant in barrier analysis found to be significant to the feeding of sick children. Doers were 6 times more likely to mention that the child has good health if a parent feeds them even when they are not hungry.

14^ Perceived severity is a behavioral determinant in barrier analysis found to be significant for increasing feeding frequency. Doers were 14.2 times more likely believe that malnutrition is a severe health problem than non-doers. For more information, review “La Structure du Changement de Comportement:Feeding Frequency (Burundi)and www.barrieranalysis.com.

15^Use this story to increase the belief that in-laws would approve and support women to encourage their child to eat even if the child is not hungry. The barrier analysis surveys showed that doers were 6 times more likely to say that there in-laws approve of encouraging their non-hungry children to eat than doers (increased social acceptability).

16^MOST, 2005.

17

18^Increased perceived severity in a behavioral determinant in Barrier Analysis. Use this lesson to increase the belief that severe diarrhea can easily cause malnutrition and death if not treated. For more information, see www.barrieranalysis.com.

19^Baseline data page 42.

20^USAID, UNICEF, WHO.Diarrhoea Treatment Guidelines for Clinic-Based Healthcare Workers.MOST; 2005.Available: www.who.int; page 39.

21^Sarmila Mazumder, Sunita Taneja, Nita Bhandari, Brinda Dube, RC Agarwal, Dilip Mahalanabis, Olivier Fontaine & Robert E Black. Effectiveness of zinc supplementation plus oral rehydration salts for diarrhoea in infants aged less than 6 months in Haryana state, India. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. Volume 88: No. 10. October 2010, 717-796.Available: http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/10/10-075986/en/

22^Niessen L W, Hove ten AC, Hilderink HH, W3ber M, Mulholland K, Ezzati M. Comparative Impact Assessment of child pneumonia interventions. Bull World Health Organ. 2009; 87 (6):472-8.

23^Luby, Stephen P., Mubina Agboatwalla, Daniel R Feikin, John Painter, Ward Billhimer MS, Arshad Altaf, Robert M Hoekstra.Effect of handwashing on child health: a randomized controlled trial. The Lancet. Vol 366, July 16, 2005 Available: http://www.aku.edu/CHS/pdf/SoapHealth_ARI_Lancet_Man.pdf

24^ Fuel for Life: Household Energy and Health WHO (2006)

25^From our LDM study, we discovered that mothers who consumed retinol, B6, and protein rich foods during lactation had more well-nourished children. Roasted pumpkin and squash seeds are a good source of protein (body building foods) and iron (for strong blood) and some zinc. Roasted seeds are also being promoted as a healthy snack for pregnant and lactating mothers. Pumpkin flesh, leaves, and flowers are a good source of Vitamin B6, protein (leaves only), Vitamin A, iron and folate (important for fetal development).

26^