Unit-iv unit-iv environmental Hygiene


Donora (Pennsylvania), October, 1948



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Atmospheric-pollution

2. Donora (Pennsylvania), October, 1948
  • Intense foggy condition that lasted few days.
  • A large proportion of the population (more than 40%) became ill due to exposure to
  • Manifested ocular & throat irritation, cough & other respiratory symptoms &vomiting
  • Caused due to excessive sulphur compounds including sulphuric acid from industries

3. London, December, 1952, 1962

3. London, December, 1952, 1962

    • Famous smog disaster (1952) for 5 days
    • Death of thousands people, children & the old
    • Caused acute respiratory disease in cattle
    • Another episode of smog (Dec., 1962) that also caused substantial morbidity& mortality
    • Sulphur compounds: probable causes of the illness
    • 4. New York (United States)

    • Air pollution disasters were reported during 1953, 1962 & 1966
    • The smog caused substantial morbidity and mortality in 1962
    • 5. Bhopal (India),1984

    • Leakage of a toxic gas (methyl isocynate) from a pesticide plant.
    • More than 5000 people died
    • Many more thousands were affected by a variety of illnesses including respiratory dysfunction, blindness & deformities in the infants

Air pollution: a historical perspective

Chernobyl (erstwhile USSR), 1986

  • Chernobyl (erstwhile USSR), 1986
    • Most famous radiation disasters that occurred in as a result of massive leakage of radioactivity from a nuclear reactor
    • The melting of & explosion in the reactor led to death of about 2000 persons & contamination of the environment in the neighboring areas
  • Los Angeles (California)
    • The smog pollution in the city has more to do with petrol than coal
    • The area is highly industrialized and densely populated
    • The problem that was associated with various respiratory symptoms was recognized as early as 1940(s)
    • Caused ocular & respiratory irritation& damage to vegetation

Air pollution: a historical perspective

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