Sulton Rahimov
46
Documentos CIDOB, Asia
Impacts of climate change on water resources in Central Asia
18% will not have a considerable influence on flow, as the most part, fallen
precipitation will evaporate from surfaces of catchment areas.
2
An expedition of Kazakh glaciologists that took place insummer 2005
confirmed this continuing reduction of glaciers in the Northern Tien
Shan. Connecting this process with global climate warming, the expe-
dition’s participants note that, if glaciers’ thawing rates persist, within
the next 10-15 years the flow of mountain
rivers will be reduced by
double (Seversky, 2006). According to materials from the 13
th
Glaciolo-
gist Symposium (Materials of glaciologist researches, 2004) the available
tendency may already lead to the disappearance of glaciers in the South-
ern Jungaria by the middle of the 21
st
century.
In general, according to experts’ assessments, the air temperature rise
by on 1-2 °CС will strengthen the process of glaciation degradation. Dur-
ing 1957-1980 the glaciers of the Aral Sea Basin lost 115,5 km
3
of ice
(about 104 km
3
of water), which represented almost 20% of ice reserves
for 1957. By 2000 the losses have totalled 14% of the reserves for 1957.
By 2020-2025, the glaciers will lose no less than 10% of their initial
volume (Agaltseva, 2002).
Predicted
assessment for surface flow
Analysis of existing research shows different forecasts for the influ-
ence of climate change on river flow in Central Asia. Data from research
studies varies from inconsiderable flow changes (2-7%) to considerable
(10-40%) over the long-term future.
According to Agaltseva’s data (2002), calculations
carried out on a
mathematical model of the formation of mountain rivers flow at the
2. Climate change - forecasts of Tajik experts.
Dushanbe, 2002. Results of expeditions orga-
nised by the Executive Committee of the International Fund for Saving the Aral Sea (IFAS),
the Regional Center of Hydrology (RCH) and the National Hydrometeorological Services
(NHMS)
of Tajikistan, 2005-2006).
Impacts of climate change on water resources in Central Asia
47
Número 25, 2009
realisation of various climate change scenarios allow us to assume that
in the next 20-30 years, a considerable change of water resources should
not be expected. However, as a result of climate warming there will be a
reduction in average water consumption for the vegetative period. The
possible flow changes of this period will be within natural variability:
from +3 to -2. In particular, a considerable reduction in the flow of the
Amu-Darya and Syr-Darya rivers in the next 20-30 years is not expected
(Agaltseva, 2002).
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