The World Bank
Agriculture Modernization Project (P158372)
Page 41 of 70
ANNEX 1: Sector Analysis and Project Description
COUNTRY: Uzbekistan
Agriculture Modernization Project
A. Sector Analysis
1.
Agriculture is the largest economic sector in Uzbekistan. In 2018, it generated 34 percent of GDP, employed 27
percent of labor force, and constituted 25 percent of the country’s merchandized export. Compared to 2010, the size of
agriculture and export shares has remained about the same, but it decreased in terms of employment. Crops account for
slightly more than half of the GAO. In 2018, they generated 53 percent of the GAO, while the remaining 47 percent was
generated by livestock. The ratio of crop to livestock production in GAO has remained stable over the last decade. Yet,
the share of cotton and wheat in GAO dropped from 16 percent in 2015 to 10 percent in 2018.
Importance of fruits,
vegetables, and meat increased over time.
2.
Most farmland has been allocated for production of cotton and wheat. In 2015, these two commodities were
produced on 74 percent of total arable land (Table A1.1) only generating 16 percent of GAO. In 2018,
the share of these
commodities in arable land use dropped to 69 percent. The last years saw the decrease in areas devoted to production
of cotton and wheat and increase in the areas for production of horticulture products. This trend is expected to accelerate
in the future based on the targets set in the
Agricultural Strategy.
Table A1.1: Agricultural land use in Uzbekistan, ha, 2015-2018
2015
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