Yaşlilikta Tedavi Kilavuzu indb

YAŞLILIKTA ENDOKRİNOLOJİK HASTALIKLARIN TEDAVİ KILAVUZU
Kaynaklar
1.  Spasovski G, Vanholder R, Allolio B, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. 
Eur J Endocrinol 2014;170:G1-47.
2.  Beck LH, Lavizzo-Mourey R. Geriatric hypernatremia [corrected]. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:768-9.
3.  Davy KP, Seals DR. Total blood volume in healthy young and older men. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1994;76:2059-62.
4.  Lamb EJ, O’Riordan SE, Delaney MP. Kidney function in older people: pathology, assessment and management. 
Clin Chim Acta 2003;334:25-40.
5.  Beck LH. Changes in renal function with aging. Clin Geriatr Med 1998;14:199-209.
6.  Duggan J, Kilfeather S, Lightman SL, O’Malley K. The association of age with plasma arginine vasopressin and 
plasma osmolality. Age Ageing 1993;22:332-6.
7.  Abramow M, Beauwens R, Cogan E. Cellular events in vasopressin action. Kidney Int Suppl 1987;21:S56-66.
8.  Combet S, Geffroy N, Berthonaud V, et al. Correction of age-related polyuria by dDAVP: molecular analysis of 
aquaporins and urea transporters. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003;284:F199-208.
9.  Cowen LE, Hodak SP, Verbalis JG. Age-associated abnormalities of water homeostasis. Endocrinol Metab Clin 
North Am 2013;42:349-70.
10.  Mannesse CK, Vondeling AM, van Marum RJ, van Solinge WW, Egberts TC, Jansen PA. Prevalence of hypo-
natremia on geriatric wards compared to other settings over four decades: a systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 
2013;12:165-73.
11.  Miller M. Hyponatremia and arginine vasopressin dysregulation: mechanisms, clinical consequences, and manage-
ment. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006;54:345-53.
12.  Terzian C, Frye EB, Piotrowski ZH. Admission hyponatremia in the elderly: factors influencing prognosis. J Gen 
Intern Med 1994;9:89-91.
13.  Hoorn EJ, Rivadeneira F, van Meurs JB, et al. Mild hyponatremia as a risk factor for fractures: the Rotterdam Study. 
J Bone Miner Res 2011;26:1822-8.
14.  Renneboog B, Musch W, Vandemergel X, Manto MU, Decaux G. Mild chronic hyponatremia is associated with 
falls, unsteadiness, and attention deficits. Am J Med 2006;119:71 e1-8.
15.  Soiza RL, Cumming K, Clarke JM, Wood KM, Myint PK. Hyponatremia: Special Considerations in Older Patients. 
J Clin Med 2014;3:944-58.
16.  Shapiro DS, Sonnenblick M, Galperin I, Melkonyan L, Munter G. Severe hyponatraemia in elderly hospitalized 
patients: prevalence, aetiology and outcome. Intern Med J 2010;40:574-80.
17.  Morley JE. Dehydration, Hypernatremia, and Hyponatremia. Clin Geriatr Med 2015;31:389-99.
18.  Liamis G, Filippatos TD, Elisaf MS. Thiazide-associated hyponatremia in the elderly: what the clinician needs to 
know. J Geriatr Cardiol 2016;13:175-82.
19.  Clayton JA, Le Jeune IR, Hall IP. Severe hyponatraemia in medical in-patients: aetiology, assessment and outcome. 
QJM 2006;99:505-11.
20.  Wald R, Jaber BL, Price LL, Upadhyay A, Madias NE. Impact of hospital-associated hyponatremia on selected 
outcomes. Arch Intern Med 2010;170:294-302.
21.  Palevsky PM, Bhagrath R, Greenberg A. Hypernatremia in hospitalized patients. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:197-
203.
22.  Moritz ML. Hypernatremia in hospitalized patients. Ann Intern Med 1996;125:860.
23.  Shah MK, Workeneh B, Taffet GE. Hypernatremia in the geriatric population. Clin Interv Aging 2014;9:1987-92.
24.  Frangeskou M, Lopez-Valcarcel B, Serra-Majem L. Dehydration in the Elderly: A Review Focused on Economic 
Burden. J Nutr Health Aging 2015;19:619-27.
25.  Robertson GL. Abnormalities of thirst regulation. Kidney Int 1984;25:460-9.
26.  Liamis G, Filippatos TD, Elisaf MS. Evaluation and treatment of hypernatremia: a practical guide for physicians. 
Postgrad Med 2016;128:299-306.

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Bölüm
31
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YAŞLIDA DİYABET EPİDEMİYOLOJİSİ
1.  Yaşlıda diyabet patogenezi ve epidemiyolojisi (tarama, tanı, önleme vb.)
2.  Tedavi hedefleri (glisemik hedefler, kardiyovasküler riski azaltma, kan basıncı ve lipid 
hedefleri, aspirin tedavisi)
3.  Yaşlıda diyabet tedavi yönetimi (öz bakım/eğitim, diyet, egzersiz, ilaç)