1st trend is translation history

1. Methodological background of the definition of translation
Linguistic theory of translation is a part of translation studies that deals with norms of interlaguage correspondences.
Translation studies as a discipline consists of different trends. The 1^st trend is translation history includes translation as a process and translation as a science. The 2^nd trend is a linguistic theory of translation. The focus is mainly on language. The 1^st approach in the USSR appeared as a linguistic theory in the 60-s of 20-ies century. The 3^rd - translation criticism; the 4^th – machine translation.
According to Barkhudarov’s interpretation translation - is the process of transformation of text, message or utterance of the source language into the text, message or utterance of the target language, providing that the norms of the target language is not violated and the content remains unchanged. Barkhudarov was the first who gave this definition to the process of interpretation of the meaning of text in one language and the production, in another language. Translation is a peculiar type of communication – interlingual communication.
According to the point of view of Korunets, translation as a term and notion is of polysematic nature, its common and most general meaning being mostly associated with the action or process of expressing the content of a source language word, word-group, sentence or passage in the target language or with the result of the process of rendering.
The problem of translatability or untranslatability is closely related to man’s understanding of the nature of language, meaning and translation. From the sociosemiotic point of view, “untranslatables” are fundamentally cases of language use wherein the three categories of sociosemiotic meaning carried by a source expression do not coincide with those of a comparable expression in the target language. Three types of untranslatability, referential, pragmatic, and intralingual may be distinguished.