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Inflected type of
language is characterized by
the following
features:
a)
Inflection is used as the main grammatical signal: man-men;
child-children; house-houses; rise-rose; spend-spent, good-better; bad-
worse; go-went; be: am-is-are-was-were;
b)
Every affixal morpheme can be used in different functions;
c)
The end of the stem may undergo changes when they are
declined or conjugated;
d)
The word order is spread differently: 1) it isn't mainly fixed;
2) it is fixed, for example, the English language has a fixed word order,
the Russian language has a free word order.
Here it is reasonable to
mention that in the Ancient English language the word order was also
free as it is now in Russian, but in the course of historical development
the English language has lost its rich
system of declension and
conjugation.The Modern English language is inflected which is
inclined to be analytical, the system of prepositions has been developed
for the compensation of the functions of lost case forms.
The Latin language belongs to the inflected type,
and the word
order is free, because the words have a highly developed system of
paradigm. The same feature is typical to the Russian language. In the
inflicted type of languages one suffix may express different
grammatical categories, for example, Latin frango - я понимаю, where
"о" expresses tense (present), number (singular), person(I),
voice
(active), mood (indicative).
Polysynthetic or incorporated type of languages are characterized
by the following features:
a)
the word and the sentence coincide;
b)
the word and affix coincide;
c)
Dostları ilə paylaş: