17
known as the mass number, or atomic mass. So, by deducting the
atomic number
from the
mass number
, it
is possible to calculate the number of neutrons.
Each element has its own distinct properties, as was already mentioned. Each has a unique atomic
number and mass number due to the different amounts of protons and neutrons it contains. The quantity of
protons an element contains determines its atomic number. The sum of an element's protons and neutrons is
known as the mass number, or atomic mass. So, by deducting the atomic number from the mass number, it is
possible to calculate the number of neutrons. These characteristics lead to the arrangement of the elements into
the periodic table of elements, a list of the elements that includes the relative atomic mass
and atomic number
of each element. The periodic table (Figure 4) also offers important details about the characteristics of elements,
which are frequently denoted by color coding. The way the table is set up also demonstrates how each element's
electrons are arranged and offers crucial information about how atoms will interact to form molecules.
Isotopes
are distinct varieties of a single element that share the same number of protons but differ in
the number of neutrons. Some elements, like carbon, potassium, and uranium, have isotopes that are found in
nature. The most prevalent form of carbon, carbon-12, has six protons and six neutrons. Six protons and eight
neutrons make up carbon-14. It is still the element carbon because it has an atomic number of 6, a mass number
of 14 (six protons and eight neutrons), and a mass number of 14. Isotopes are the two different types of carbon.
In order
to form more stable elements, some isotopes that are inherently
unstable will lose protons, other
subatomic
particles, or energy. These are called
Dostları ilə paylaş: