Fan va innovatsiyalar vazirligi guliston davlat universiteti

Anahtar kelimeler:
İletişim tarihi, iletişim araçları, Türkistan, Semerkant, 
kâğıt, matbaa. 
Abstract:
The Turkestan region, with Uzbekistan as one of its central 
countries, is also a cradle of forgotten civilizations. From ancient times, it has been a 
center for many innovations that shed light on and influence history, contributing to 
the development of various branches of science and serving as a source of ideas and 
inventions. One such area is the history of communication and media.
In today’s world, the perspective on communication and media history is 
centered around the West. According to this view, communication tools emerged 

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MA’RUZALARNING QISQACHA MAZMUNI BİLDİRİ ÖZETLERİ KİTABI
sequentially in a specific time and place, starting from Mesopotamia, Egypt, Ancient 
Greece, Rome, and Europe. Occasionally, China and India are included in this 
sequence. However, Turkestan is not included, and when Turkestan is mentioned, 
it is attributed to the role of facilitating the transfer of communication tools from 
China to the Muslim world and then to Europe. This is due to the portrayal of the 
Turkestan people as nomadic, illiterate, and lacking media in Western and Chinese 
historiography. This perspective is also reiterated in communication history taught 
in Turkey.
However, the reality is very different. Many communication tools that are now 
considered significant milestones in communication history emerged in Turkestan 
either concurrently or long before they appeared in other civilizations: writing, 
painting, paper, printing press, and more. In this sense, the history of communication 
and media in Turkestan has an ancient past comparable to the mentioned regions in 
the dominant narrative.
In this paper, communication and media history will be approached from 
a Turkestan-centric perspective, shedding light on the impact and significance 
of archaeological and ethnographic evidence discovered in the region on world 
communication history. Furthermore, efforts will be made to highlight the rightful 
place that Turkestan-centric inventions and tools should have in the history of 
communication and media. In this context, the approach of communication history 
theorist Harold Innis, which emphasizes that each civilization has a specific cultural 
orientation tied to time and space, as well as his theories that the emergence of 
communication tools is more closely related to demand than supply, will be used.