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At a temperature higher than Tm, the free energy
of the liquid phase
(Fc.f.) is
small, and the free energy of the solid phase is large (Fc.f.). Tm. and vice versa below:
Fc.f.>Fk.f. Therefore, it should be in a solid state at a temperature above Tm ., and in
a solid state at a temperature below Tm.
from the liquid phase
to the solid phase is given by the formation of
crystallization centers and the growth of these centers.
The greater the number of
crystal centers, the faster the liquid phase turns into a solid phase.
Heat is released or absorbed when a metal changes from one aggregate state to
another aggregate state, so such a system can be called a system in which a
heat event
occurs.
The crystallization process does not occur at the temperature T
m
, because
Fs.f.=Fk.f. In order for the liquid phase to begin to crystallize, the free energy of the
system must decrease. Conversely, for the solid phase (crystal) to turn into a liquid, the
free energy of the system must increase.
of the liquid phase to a temperature lower than T
m
is called supercooling, and
heating of the solid phase to a temperature higher than T
m is called
superheating .
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