G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

Having lost the key he could not 
enter the house (having lost egaga 
qarashli ish-harakatni ifodalaydi).
Kalitni yo‘qotib u uyga kira ol-
madi.
b) shunday iboralar borki, ularda sifatdoshlarning o‘zlarining mustaqil 
egalari bor va bu sifatdoshlar gapning egasi bilan bog‘lanmaydi. Bun day 
iboralar mustaqil sifatdoshli iboralar deb ataladi:
The student knowing English well, 
the examination did not last long. 
(knowing o‘zining the student 
egasiga ega).
Student ingliz tilini yaxshi 
bilgani uchun imtihon uzoq 
cho‘zilmadi.

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73
My sister having lost the key, we 
could not enter the house (having 
lostning egasi my sister).
Opam kalitni yo‘qotib qo‘yganligi 
sababli biz uyga kira olmadik.
2. Bunday iboralar turli xil hol vazifasida keladi. Ular ergash gaplar ga 
to‘g‘ri keladi:
a) payt holi bo‘lib keladi:
The sun having risen (After the 
sun had risen), they continued their 
way.
Quyosh chiqqandan keyin ular 
yo‘llarini davom ettirishdi.
b) sabab holi bo‘lib keladi:
The professor being ill (=As the 
professor was ill), the lecture was 
put off.
Professor kasalligi sababli, leksiya 
qoldirildi.
3. Mustaqil sifatdoshli iboralar there isli yoki soxta ega itli gaplarga ham 
mos kelishi mumkin:
There being a severe storm at sea 
(=As there was a severe storm at 
sea), the steamer could not leave the 
port.
Dengizda kuchli bo‘ron bo‘lganligi 
sababli, paroxod portni tark eta ol-
madi.
It being Sunday (= As it was Sun-
day), the library was closed.
Yakshanba bo‘lganligi sababli ku-
tubxona yopiq edi.