10
Have
Has
+ P. P.
Had
Shall (will) have
I
have seen the new fi lm.
Men yangi fi lmni ko‘rdim.
I
had fi nished my work by fi ve
o’clock.
Men ishimni beshgacha tugatgan
edim.
I
shall have translated the article
by ten o’clock.
Men soat o‘ngacha maqolani tar-
jima qilib bo‘laman.
Present Perfect va
Past Perfectda quyidagi
qisqartirmalar ishla-
tiladi:
I have written = I
’ve written; I have not written = I’
ve not written = I
haven’t written; He has written = he’
s written; he has not written = he
’s
not written = he
hasn’t written; I had written = I’
d written; I had not writ-
ten = I
’d not written = I
hadn’t written va hok.
4.
To have fe’li
bor bo‘lmoq, ega bo‘lmoq ma‘nosida asosiy fe’l bo‘lib
keladi:
I
have a good watch.
Mening yaxshi soatim bor.
He
had a large library.
Uning katta kutubxonasi bor edi.
We
shall soon
have a new radio
set.
Bizda yaqinda yangi radiopriyom -
nik bo‘ladi.
5. So‘roq shaklni yasashda
Simple Present va
Simple Pastda
to have
fe’lining tegishli shakli eganing oldiga o‘tadi:
Have you a good watch?
Yaxshi soatingiz bormi?
Had he a large library?
Uning
katta kutubxonasi bor edi -
mi?
Ammo
Simple Pastning so‘roq shakli ko‘pincha
to do yordamchi fe’li
yordamida ham yasaladi:
Did he
have a large library?
Uning katta kutubxonasi bor edi
-
mi?
6.
To have fe’lining bo‘lishsiz shakli uning sahkllaridan keyin
not
yukla masini qo‘yib qisqartirish orqali yasaladi.
Simple Present va
Simp-
le Pastda
qisqartmalar haven’t, hasn’t, hadn’t bo‘ladi. Ulardan keyin
dona lab sanaladigan birlikdagi ot
noaniq artikl bilan, ko‘plikdagi dona-
lab sanaladigan ot va donalab sanalmaydigan ot
any olmoshi
bilan ish-
latiladi:
11
I
haven’t a watch.
Mening soatim yo‘q.
He
hasn’t any books on this sub-
ject.
Unda bu sohada kitoblar yo‘q.
I
hadn’t any time to go there.
Mening u yerga borishga vaqtim
yo‘q.
Barcha murakkab shakllarda bo‘lishsizlik
not birinchi yordamchi
fe’ldan keyin qo‘yiladi:
I
shall not (shan’t) have any time to go there tomorrow.
I
have not (haven’t) had any time to go there today.
Bo‘lishsiz gaplar
no olmoshi yordamida ham yasalishi mumkin. Bun-
da
no otdan oldin qo‘yiladi
va otning oldida artikl ham,
any olmoshi
ham qo‘yilmaydi:
I
have no watch.
He
has no books on this subject.
I
had no time to go there.
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